“…Figure 5a and S4 show that the PMIA NF/N membranes fabricated with improved DTAB content at RH of 25% possess a tensile strength of 36.8, 51.6, 61.4, and 72.8 MPa, respectively, indicating a significant enhancement in contrast to the PMIA membranes without nanonets (35.3 MPa). Moreover, these PMIA NF/N membranes with widely distributed nanonets exhibited dramatically enhanced tensile strength compared to previously reported nanonets-based filter media, such as PA-5619, PA-6/PAN31, PA-6/PMIA staple fibers32, and so on (Table S6). As expected, compared to the relatively low Young’s modulus and toughness (Figure S1) of the pristine PMIA nanofibers, the membranes formed with increased DTAB concentration (0–0.15 wt%), i.e., with optimized coverage rate of nanonets, showed the enhanced toughness of 6.62, 9.49, 10.93, and 14.49 MJ m −3 and Young’s modulus of 0.507, 0.631, 0.742, and 0.935 GPa, respectively.…”