Efficient conversion of sand to nano-silicon and its energetic Si-C composite anode design for high volumetric capacity lithium-ion battery

Furquan, Mohammad; Khatribail, Anish Raj; Vijayalakshmi, S.; Mitra, Sagar

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.02.011

Cited by 55 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The selection of precursor with special composition, structure and morphology could help to prepare various nano-structured Si materials. In general, there are several kinds of SiO 2 precursors, including the synthetic SiO 2 from TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) (Zhou et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018bChen et al, ,c, 2019, biological origin silica (Liu et al, 2015;Sola-Rabada et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2019), silica from sand (Ahn et al, 2017;Furquan et al, 2018), and natural clay minerals (Zhou et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018bChen et al, ,c, 2019. In 1968, W. Stöber (Stöber et al, 1968) proposed a controllable growth of spherical SiO 2 particles by hydrolysis of TEOS and the following condensation of silicic acid, as shown in Figure 4A.…”

Section: The Influence Of Reaction Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Tan

Jiang

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been one of the most predominant rechargeable power sources due to their high energy/power density and long cycle life. As one of the most promising candidates for the new generation negative electrode materials in LIBs, silicon has the advantages of high specific capacity, a lithiation potential range close to that of lithium deposition, and rich abundance in the earth’s crust. However, the commercial use of silicon in LIBs is still limited by the short cycle life and poor rate performance due to the severe volume change during Li++ insertion/extraction, as well as the unsatisfactory conduction of electron and Li+ through silicon matrix. Therefore, many efforts have been made to control and stabilize the structures of silicon. Magnesiothermic reduction has been extensively demonstrated as a promising process for making porous silicon with micro- or nanosized structures for better electrochemical performance in LIBs. This article provides a brief but critical overview of magnesiothermic reduction under various conditions in several aspects, including the thermodynamics and mechanism of the reaction, the influences of the precursor and reaction conditions on the dynamics of the reduction, and the interface control and its effect on the morphology as well as the final performance of the silicon. These outcomes will bring about a clearer vision and better understanding on the production of silicon by magnesiothermic reduction for LIBs application.

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Section: The Influence Of Reaction Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Tan

Jiang

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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“…The SNGA, nanographite, and sodium alginate (as a binder) were mixed at a weight ratio of 60:30:10 using Ultra-Turrax T25 with an S 25 N-10 G shear head at 10 k rpm for 1 h. Sodium alginate was selected as a binder due to its rich content of carboxylic groups, high Young’s modulus, and electrochemical stability, which significantly enhances the columbic efficiency, specific capacity, and cycle stability 25,26 . The mixture of SNGA, NG and binder was deposited on copper foil (1 mg cm −2 ) to prepare the electrodes (label: SNGA/NG).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon-Nanographite Aerogel-Based Anodes for High Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

Phadatare

Patil

Blomquist

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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To increase the energy storage density of lithium-ion batteries, silicon anodes have been explored due to their high capacity. One of the main challenges for silicon anodes are large volume variations during the lithiation processes. Recently, several high-performance schemes have been demonstrated with increased life cycles utilizing nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanowires, and thin films. However, a method that allows the large-scale production of silicon anodes remains to be demonstrated. Herein, we address this question by suggesting new scalable nanomaterial-based anodes. Si nanoparticles were grown on nanographite flakes by aerogel fabrication route from Si powder and nanographite mixture using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). This silicon-nanographite aerogel electrode has stable specific capacity even at high current rates and exhibit good cyclic stability. The specific capacity is 455 mAh g−1 for 200th cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 97% at a current density 100 mA g−1.

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“…[ 42 ] Sand that is naturally abundant, environmental friendly and low cost is converted to nano Si through metallothermic method using microwave heating. [ 43 ] Using quartz (SiO 2 ) as a precursor nanosized Si anode material is fabricated, through the process of high energy mechanical milling (HEMM). Since quartz is inactive to Li but by means of mechanical milling, it is so engineered to react directly with Li exhibiting a high reversible capacity 800 mAh g −1 up to 200 cycles.…”

Section: Natural Sources For Silicon Nanostructurementioning

confidence: 99%

When Silicon Materials Meet Natural Sources: Opportunities and Challenges for Low‐Cost Lithium Storage

Rehman

Wang

Manj

et al. 2019

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The manipulation of progressive lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, low cost, and long‐term cycling stability is of high priority to meet the growing demands for next‐generation energy storage devices. Silicon (Si) has been receiving marvelous attention as a promising anode material for rechargeable LIBs, due to its high theoretical gravimetric capacity and low cost. Si is the second most abundant element in the earth crust in the form of silicates, so it is the most cost‐effective element as an anode material in next‐generation LIBs. In this review, different natural sources such as rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, bamboo, reed plant, sand, halloysite, and different waste sources such as waste of the solar power industry, fly ash, straw ash, and other industrial waste that can give rise to different nanostructured Si are systematically summarized. In addition, different synthesis methods of fabricating nanostructured Si are reviewed as well as including magnesiothermic reduction, etching methods, ball milling, and chemical vapor deposition. The advantages and disadvantages of these kind of synthesis methods are discussed as well. Furthermore, the opportunities and challenges of nano‐Si are also discussed.

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Efficient conversion of sand to nano-silicon and its energetic Si-C composite anode design for high volumetric capacity lithium-ion battery

Cited by 55 publications

References 60 publications

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Mechanisms and Product Options of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Silica to Silicon for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Silicon-Nanographite Aerogel-Based Anodes for High Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

When Silicon Materials Meet Natural Sources: Opportunities and Challenges for Low‐Cost Lithium Storage

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