Efficient plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus

Abstract

To establish an efficient plant regeneration system from cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus, embryogenic callus formation from immature embryos was investigated. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation reached 50% when the immature zygotic embryos were incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). At higher concentrations of 2,4-D (over 2 mg/L), the frequency of embryogenic callus formation declined significantly. The total number of somatic embryos development was highest with the 3% (w/v) sucrose treatment, which was found to be the optimal concentration for somatic embryo formation. Activated charcoal (AC) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) significantly increased the frequency of plantlet conversion from somatic embryos, but gibberellic acid (GA3) had a negative effect on plantlet conversion and subsequent development from somatic embryos. Even though the cell suspension cultures were maintained for more than 1 year, cell aggregates from embryogenic cell suspension cultures were successfully converted into normal somatic embryos with two cotyledons. To our knowledge, this is the first successful report of a plant regeneration system of E. alatus via somatic embryogenesis. Thus, the embryogenic cell line and plant regeneration system established in this study can be applied to mass proliferation and production of pharmaceutical metabolite in E. alatus.

Efficient Micropropagation of Genetically Stable Panax ginseng Meyer by Somatic Embryogenesis

“…However, the mean number of somatic embryos and EFC index decreased at sucrose concentrations above 7%, which is similar to the result reported for P. vietnamensis [15]. The negative effects of excessive sucrose concentrations have also been reported in other plant species [40,41]. In contrast, in P. quinquefolius, which is closely related to P. ginseng, the rates of somatic embryogenesis were highest at 7% sucrose [33].…”

Engineering Considerations to Produce Bioactive Compounds from Plant Cell Suspension Culture in Bioreactors

“…PCC accounts for the virtues of whole-plant cultivation systems and offers significant advantages, such as controlled manufacture due to standardized environmental conditions, i.e., it is not seasonal dependent, makes use of low amounts of water, and pesticides and herbicides are not required, achieving better quality in the desired product [42,43]. The establishment of different types of plant cell cultures are aimed for regenerating organs or somatic embryos for plant propagation, virus elimination, genetic manipulation, germplasm storage, and for in vitro production of PDSM [44,45]. The main differences found in the literature about in vitro plant cell cultures with whole wild plants comprise a higher cell growth intensity, the mechanisms of synthesis and reserve organelles for PDSM, and the concentration of PDSM.…”

Light and Methyl Jasmonate Impact in the Biosynthesis of Anthocyanins and VLCFAs in the <em>Euonymus maximowiczianus</em> Aril-Derived Long-Term Suspension-Cultured Cells

“…In general, the callus and suspension cell cultures of Euonymus, namely E. europaeus were once mentioned in the literature in 1980, without any details of their obtaining and growth, as well, with an unknown further history [37]. The literature also contains information about a short-term maintained embryogenic callus culture of Euonymus europaeus [38] and about a one-year-old embryogenic suspension cell culture of Euonymus alatus [39], which were used to study the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. Therefore, the long-term maintained suspension cell cultures of E. max.…”