Efficient solid-state perovskite solar cells based on nanostructured zinc oxide designed by strategic low temperature water oxidation

Abstract

A facile and energy saving method to produce high quality ZnO nanostructures in ultrapure water for efficient perovskite solar cells.

Hierarchical core–shell heterostructure of H2O-oxidized ZnO nanorod@Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticle for solar cell applications

“…The perovskite films used for steady-state PL and absorbance measurements were deposited on top of the ETL films using fast deposition crystallization. 29 The perovskite precursor solution (45 wt%) was prepared by mixing equal molar amounts of (1.2 mmol) PbI 2 (99.999%, Wako) and of CH 3 NH 3 I (98.0%, Wako) in 1 mL of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, Wako). 60 mL of perovskite precursor solution was then spin coated onto the substrates for 30 s. The substrates were spun at 5000 rpm and after 4-6 seconds, 150 mL of toluene was quickly dropped onto the center of the substrate, followed by thermal annealing at 70 1C for 10 min.…”

“…H 2 O oxidation process avoids the use of toxic chemical reagents, elevated temperature and complex equipment for preparing ZnO nanomaterials. 29,30 Subsequently, a facile spincoating and low temperature annealing process is used to assemble MZO NPs onto the ZnO NR surface. The properties of the core-shell structure were examined through comprehensive structural, optical, chemical and electrical characterizations.…”

Enhanced Lifetime and Photostability with Low‐Temperature Mesoporous ZnTiO3/Compact SnO2Electrodes in Perovskite Solar Cells

“…What's more, this low‐temperature ZTO mesoporous layer avoids many interface problems in other structures, for example, the photo‐induced defect from TiO 2 , film pinholes of SnO 2 , surface recombination and poor stability of ZnO‐based PSCs, etc. For the non‐infiltration of SnO 2 ‐ETL and the interface of perovskite/SnO 2 , firstly, the application of ZTO mesoporous layer aids in the growth of perovskite crystals by increasing the number of nucleation sites available for layer formation; secondly, ZTO layer reduces the trap state density on the SnO 2 layer and improves the surface wettability, thereby ameliorating the morphology of the perovskite film; thirdly, protects perovskite at the perovskite‐ETL interface, thus improving the stability of devices.…”

Effect of rubrene:P3HT bilayer on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells with electrodeposited ZnO nanorods

“…Corp.) were cleaned through sequential ultrasonic treatments with detergent, ultrapure water, acetone and methanol for 15 min each. Prior to electrodeposition, a 0.25 M zinc acetate (Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 , Wako) in methanol:water (10:1) solution was spin-coated onto UV-O 3 -treated ITO-glass substrate at 1500 rpm for 30 s. After drying at 100 °C for 15 min, the films were then annealed at 350 °C for 20 min to form ZnO compact layer [34] .…”