Eficácia do banho no leito descartável na carga microbiana: ensaio clínico

Abstract

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do banho no leito descartável sobre a carga microbiana da pele de pacientes hospitalizados. Métodos: Ensaio clínico paralelo, randomizado em grupo intervenção (banho no leito descartável) e grupo controle (banho no leito convencional), realizado em Hospital Público de São Paulo, Brasil, de novembro de 2014 a dezembro de 2015. Participaram deste estudo pacientes hospitalizados, adultos e idosos, acamados e dependentes do procedimento. Bag Bath® foi o produto avaliado. Resultados: A carga microbiana nos grupos de seguimento: intervenção (20 pacientes) reduziu, enquanto a no controle (20 pacientes) aumentou significantemente (p<0,001). Estimou-se em 90% a eficácia do produto para banho de leito descartável, comparada à de 20% do banho no leito convencional. Conclusão: A eficácia do produto avaliado foi 4,5 vezes maior sobre a carga microbiana da pele de pacientes hospitalizados, quando comparada à do banho no leito convencional, sinalizando à Enfermagem a necessidade de revisar esse procedimento.

Effects of dry and traditional bed bathing on respiratory parameters: a randomized pilot study

“…However, a study developed at an ICU in São Paulo did not report that the dry bath was faster than the traditional bath, since no significant difference was found between the mean duration of each of the two baths. It is believed that one of the reasons why the result was divergent is the fact that dry bathing is a new type of bed bathing performed by professionals who habitually provide the bed bath in the traditional fashion (18) .…”

“…The longer duration of the traditional bath in relation to that of the dry bath prolongs the exposure of wet patients to the environment and to other risks inherent to the procedure (5,18,27) . According to the findings of a www.eerp.usp.br/rlae Toledo LV, Salgado PO, Souza CC, Brinati LM, Januário CF, Ercole FF.…”

“…In order to participate in the study, eight auxiliary researchers underwent theoretical and practical training so as to ensure that the performance of interventions would be standardized. Interventions were performed according to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), taking as a reference the recommendations provided by the product manufacturer and the scientific literature (18) .…”

“…In the first training phase, the researchers received educational material on the method for bed bathing procedures and watched a video produced by the main researcher showing the completion of the steps for such procedures in a simulated environment. In the second phase, the auxiliary researchers, divided in pairs, reproduced the dry and traditional bed bathing techniques in a simulated environment and were evaluated as regards the fulfillment of phases from a check-list containing the steps necessary for proper performance of the technique, based on SOP (18) . To ensure the reliability of performance of the procedures, researchers were considered able to participate in the study if they achieved an Agreement Index greater than or equal to 0.9 in relation to the steps necessary to perform the two types of bed baths.…”

“…The dry bath was performed using individual packs of bath wipes produced by the FW -Feel Clean ®wet wipes group. The procedure was performed according to SOP (18) . The sequence of body parts to be cleaned was the same as that for the traditional bed bath.…”