Egg Size Variation in Aedes aegypti: Relationship to Body Size and Other Variables

Steinwascher, Kurt

doi:10.2307/2425459

Cited by 70 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…Applications of Egg-Size Reduction to Other Groups.-Offspring size is correlated with determinants of offspring fitness in many groups including fish (Bagenal, 1969;Henrich, 1988), amphibians (Kaplan, 1980), reptiles (Ferguson and Fox, 1984;Swingland and Coe, 1979), and insects (Richards and Myers, 1980;Wiklund and Persson, 1983;Karlsson and Wiklund, 1984;Steinwascher, 1984). However, there have been few direct experimental tests demonstrating the causal relationships that link maternal investment (eggsize, yolk volume, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Maternal Investment in Lizards: An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of Egg Size and Its Effects on Offspring Performance

1990

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Abstract.-I used comparative and experimental analysis of egg size in a Sceloporus lizard to examine a fundamental tenet of life-history theory: the presumed trade-offs among offspring number, offspring size, and performance traits related to offspring size that are likely to influence fitness. I analyzed latitudinal and elevational patterns ofegg life-history characteristics among populations and experimentally manipulated egg size and hatchling size by removing yolk from the eggs to examine the causal bases of population differences in offspring traits.Mean clutch size among populations increased to the north (seven vs. 12 eggs/clutch, California vs. Washington), whereas eggsize decreased (0.65 g vs. 0.40 g). The elevational patterns in southern California paralleled the latitudinal trends. Several offspring life-history traits that are correlated with egg size also varied geographically; these traits included incubation time, hatchling size, growth rate, and hatchling sprint performance.Hatchling viability of experimentally reduced eggs was remarkably high (-70%), even when up to 50% of the yolk was removed. The experimentally reduced eggs and hatchlings demonstrated the degree to which size influences each of the offspring life-history traits considered. Northern eggshatched sooner, in part because oftheir small size. Though growth rate is allometrically related to size within each population (i.e., smaller hatchlings grow faster on a mass-specific basis), population differences in growth rate, as measured in the laboratory, are likely to reflect genetic differentiation in the underlying physiology of growth. Moreover, smaller juveniles, because of experimental reduction, had slower sprint speeds than larger juveniles. The slower sprint speed of hatchlings from Washington compared to hatchlings from California is thus largely due to the fact that eggs are smaller in the Washington population.These results provide a basis for interpreting the evolutionary divergence of the suite of traits involved in the evolution ofmaternal investment per offspring in lizards. For example, evolutionary divergence in some offspringtraits functionally related to size (e.g., sprint speed) may be constrained, relative to traits that are determined by other aspects of development or physiology (e.g., growth). I also discuss issues relating to the evolution of maternal investment that could be tested in laboratory and natural populations using experimentally reduced offspring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Maternal Investment in Lizards: An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of Egg Size and Its Effects on Offspring Performance

1990

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“…-Offspring size is correlated with determinants of offspring fitness in many groups including fish (Bagenal, 1969;Henrich, 1988), amphibians (Kaplan, 1980), reptiles (Ferguson and Fox, 1984;Swingland and Coe, 1979), and insects (Richards and Myers, 1980;Wiklund and Persson, 1983;Karlsson and Wiklund, 1984;Steinwascher, 1984). However, there have been few direct experimental tests demonstrating the causal relationships that link maternal investment (egg size, yolk volume, etc.)…”

Section: Applications Of Egg-size Reduction Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Maternal Investment in Lizards: An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of Egg Size and Its Effects on Offspring Performance

Sinervo¹

1990

Evolution

238

221

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I used comparative and experimental analysis of egg size in a Sceloporus lizard to examine a fundamental tenet of life-history theory: the presumed trade-offs among offspring number, offspring size, and performance traits related to offspring size that are likely to influence fitness. I analyzed latitudinal and elevational patterns of egg life-history characteristics among populations and experimentally manipulated egg size and hatchling size by removing yolk from the eggs to examine the causal bases of population differences in offspring traits. Mean clutch size among populations increased to the north (seven vs. 12 eggs/clutch, California vs. Washington), whereas egg size decreased (0.65 g vs. 0.40 g). The elevational patterns in southern California paralleled the latitudinal trends. Several offspring life-history traits that are correlated with egg size also varied geographically; these traits included incubation time, hatchling size, growth rate, and hatchling sprint performance. Hatchling viability of experimentally reduced eggs was remarkably high (~70%), even when up to 50% of the yolk was removed. The experimentally reduced eggs and hatchlings demonstrated the degree to which size influences each of the offspring life-history traits considered. Northern eggs hatched sooner, in part because of their small size. Though growth rate is allometrically related to size within each population (i.e., smaller hatchlings grow faster on a mass-specific basis), population differences in growth rate, as measured in the laboratory, are likely to reflect genetic differentiation in the underlying physiology of growth. Moreover, smaller juveniles, because of experimental reduction, had slower sprint speeds than larger juveniles. The slower sprint speed of hatchlings from Washington compared to hatchlings from California is thus largely due to the fact that eggs are smaller in the Washington population. These results provide a basis for interpreting the evolutionary divergence of the suite of traits involved in the evolution of maternal investment per offspring in lizards. For example, evolutionary divergence in some offspring traits functionally related to size (e.g., sprint speed) may be constrained, relative to traits that are determined by other aspects of development or physiology (e.g., growth). I also discuss issues relating to the evolution of maternal investment that could be tested in laboratory and natural populations using experimentally reduced offspring.

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“…A few studies have, however, documented some of the fitness consequences of variation in egg size. For example, offspring from larger eggs may hatch more successfully (Richards and Meyers, 1980), develop more rapidly (Steinwascher, 1984), or attain larger size (Johnson, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Adaptive Consequences of Egg Size Variation in Nezara Viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

McLain

Mallard

1991

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Egg Size Variation in Aedes aegypti: Relationship to Body Size and Other Variables

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

The Evolution of Maternal Investment in Lizards: An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of Egg Size and Its Effects on Offspring Performance

The Evolution of Maternal Investment in Lizards: An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of Egg Size and Its Effects on Offspring Performance

The Evolution of Maternal Investment in Lizards: An Experimental and Comparative Analysis of Egg Size and Its Effects on Offspring Performance

Sources and Adaptive Consequences of Egg Size Variation in Nezara Viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

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