Eidetic phenomena.

Kl?ver, H.

doi:10.1037/h0070381

Cited by 46 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The experimenter's instructions prior to presenting the pictures (see the passage from Haber and Haber's instructions presented earlier) seem to us to be far better described as leading than as neutral. Besides these instructions, moreover, the practice of evoking afterimages before presenting the pictures has often been cited as a strong source of suggestion (Allport, 1928;Kliiver, 1932;Traxel, 1962). Afterimages are much more likely to be externally located than are visual memory images; and even if they were not, instructions like the following may convey a great deal of information to subjects: "When I take the [colored] square away, I want you to continue to stare as hard as you can where the square was.…”

Section: Effects Of Suggestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of such imagery was noted well over a century ago, and considerable systematic research was done, primarily in Germany, in the period from about 1910 to 1930. Allport (1924) and Kliiver (1926Kliiver ( , 1928Kliiver ( , 1931Kliiver ( , 1932) reviewed this early work in English, and the important work of E. R. Jaensch also is available in an English translation (Jaensch, 1930). Between 1930 and1960, fewer than 10 studies were reported, not including several clinical reports of patients with vivid imagery that was quite unrelated to any preceding stimulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The enigmatic eidetic image: A critical examination of methods, data, and theories.

Gray¹,

Gummerman²

1975

Psychological Bulletin

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Eidetic imagery, widely but mistakenly known as photographic memory, has been studied for decades with a picture-description technique. Heavily dependent on subjects' reports of vivid images, this method has produced widely varying estimates of the prevalence of eidetikers, inconsistent reports of eidetikers' accuracy, and evidence that eidetic images in fact resemble visual memory images as much as they resemble perceptual images. Objective methods, which involve superimposing eidetic images, have only produced additional confusion. Theoretical accounts of eidetic imagery include: Jaensch's comprehensive, but largely unsubstantiated, ontogenetic theory; the view that eidetic imagery is a primitive, concrete mnemonic system; the notion that it is a symptom of psychosis or of brain injury; and the possibility that it reflects abnormal perceptual functioning. No theory has proved to be satisfactory. In addition, there are two major viewpoints concerning eidetic imagery and other perceptual-cognitive abilities. The more popular view is that eidetic imagery is unique; the other view, which suggests that eidetic imagery differs from other types of visual imagery in degree only, not in kind, seems to provide the more promising approach.

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Section: Effects Of Suggestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The enigmatic eidetic image: A critical examination of methods, data, and theories.

Gray¹,

Gummerman²

1975

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Jaensch used the observed individual differences in eidetic imagery ability to develop a speculative typological system, which Jaensch opportunistically altered and aligned with the racist philosophy of national socialism in 1930s Germany. Attempts by independent psychologists to replicate Jaensch’s findings failed, and the resulting theoretical controversy led to Jaensch’s work becoming discredited, e.g., [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: The Early Period: 1860–1929mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Marburg School used the images’ spontaneous appearance as an indicator of the “B-type”. In the case of the “B-type”, according to Klüver [ 34 ], “the eidetic image is often nothing but a visualized idea projected into perceived space… He can, without any effort, produce eidetic images and, at pleasure, vanish them; he can do this without a preceding presentation of a stimulus…” (p. 181). In the next section, eidetic imagery phenomenology is discussed in more depth and detail.…”

Section: The Early Period: 1860–1929mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomenological Studies of Visual Mental Imagery: A Review and Synthesis of Historical Datasets

Marks

2023

Vision

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This article reviews historically significant phenomenological studies of visual mental imagery (VMI), starting with Fechner in 1860 and continuing to the present. This synthesis of diverse VMI phenomenological studies in healthy adults serves as a unique resource for investigators of individual differences, cognitive development and clinical and neurological conditions. The review focuses on two kinds of VMI, “memory imagery” and “eidetic imagery”. Ten primary studies are drawn from three periods of the scholarly literature: early (1860–1929), middle (1930–1999) and recent (2000–2023). It is concluded that memory and eidetic imagery are two forms of constructive imagery, varying along a continuum of intensity or vividness. Vividness is a combination of clarity, colourfulness and liveliness, where clarity is defined by brightness and sharpness, colourfulness by image saturation and liveliness by vivacity, animation, feeling, solidity, projection and metamorphosis. The findings are integrated in a template that specifies, as a tree-like structure, the 16 properties of VMI vividness in healthy adult humans. The template takes into account the weight of evidence drawn from the accounts and reveals an extraordinary degree of consistency in reported VMI characteristics, revealed by specialized studies of healthy adult humans across time, space and culture.

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“…A number of studies investigated eidetic imagery (EI) in persons who 'see' a 'visual image of a figure, usually long in duration, localized in front of the subject's eyes, positive in colour, and usually on the plane where the original f?gure was shown' (Leask et al, 1969, p. 26). The most general finding was that EI was common among children, the percentages varying from 30 to 90, depending on age and population sampled, but almost always absent among adults (Kluever, 1932). While interest in EI began to wane in the mid-1930s it was widely accepted that EI was a 'primitive' form of imagery lost in the course of ontogenesis (Werner, 1948, pp.…”

Section: Recent Reseaech Eidetic Imagerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imagery: A Dimension of Mind Rediscovered

Kessel

1972

British J of Psychology

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This paper examines the re‐emergence of imagery as a topic commanding attention in psychology. Recent research (by persons such as Haber, Paivio, Sheehan, Singer and Inhelder) is surveyed within the framework of the cognitive‐experiential Zeitgeist. Attention is then given to methodological issues involved in devising a ‘new’ introspection and to a number of theoretical statements on the nature and development of imagery, notably those of Bartlett, Bruner and Piaget. Questions such as the kind and dimension of imagery, individual differences in imagery, and the relationship of imagery to creativity are raised. The general conclusion is that the study of imagery affords a good opportunity for gaining knowledge of the ‘everyday stream’.

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Eidetic phenomena.

Cited by 46 publications

References 7 publications

The enigmatic eidetic image: A critical examination of methods, data, and theories.

The enigmatic eidetic image: A critical examination of methods, data, and theories.

Phenomenological Studies of Visual Mental Imagery: A Review and Synthesis of Historical Datasets

Imagery: A Dimension of Mind Rediscovered

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