El marco regulatorio en el contexto de la gestión empresarialista y la mercantilización del desarrollo urbano del Gran Santiago, Chile

Vicuña, Magdalena

doi:10.4067/s0718-83582013000200006

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Within this framework, since 1980, speculative strategies such as the division of land prior to urban plan approval have been the rule. In other words, there have been ownership structure changes due to the threat that the next urban plan will not allow such changes to occur [99]. In the dictatorship period, and also in the democracy afterward, large real estate companies and also the most important economic and political elites in Chile have been involved [100].…”

Section: Study Area Legal Framework and Specific Characteristics Of Rural Urbanization In The Mrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoted Urbanization of the Countryside: The Case of Santiago’s Periphery, Chile (1980–2017)

Barrado

Suckel

Olhabé

et al. 2020

Land

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Urbanization of the countryside affects rural areas, especially in the immediate surroundings of large cities. Normally, this occurs as an unpromoted process, but in Chile, it is driven by the legal framework. This research focuses on rural residential plots (RRPs) around the capital city, Santiago. The analysis seeks to understand the significance and consequences of RRPs during the last four decades and the role of a favorable legal framework in affecting their development. By examining data and official cartography on rural residential plots, the analysis shows a large phenomenon of rapid RRP development in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile (MR). The study confirms the existence of an ongoing process that is still partially latent and potentially both uncontrolled and evolving. This work demonstrates the negative effect that land liberalization policies can have by promoting territorial transformations that policymakers cannot subsequently control. The conclusions provide a critical perspective on the counter-urbanization process in the context of fragility and scarce resources.

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Section: Study Area Legal Framework and Specific Characteristics Of Rural Urbanization In The Mrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoted Urbanization of the Countryside: The Case of Santiago’s Periphery, Chile (1980–2017)

Barrado

Suckel

Olhabé

et al. 2020

Land

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“…Despite the desirability of the compact city paradigm promoted during the 1990s in international policy documents, from Agenda 21 to Habitat II, and the need to curb the inefficiencies and inequities of urban sprawl, the promotion of urban sprawl was already inscribed in Chilean urban policy and exercised via Article 55 and DL 3516 in particular [54]. Until the 1980s, the growth of intermediate cities had been relatively slow compared with Santiago and the Valparaiso-Viña del Mar metropolitan area.…”

Section: The Nature Of Intermediate City Sprawlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile

Barton

Ramírez

2019

Sustainability

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Urban sprawl has been studied principally as a phenomenon produced by a lack of or weakness in urban planning, as a consequence of real estate liberalization. This article examines the Chilean case, and proposes that the state has been the engine of this phenomenon through spatial planning instruments that have both neoliberal and neostructural features, and that are best defined by the concept, new public management. The analysis tracks urban sprawl in four intermediate cities, which have experienced high rates of growth since 2000, using photointerpretation of satellite images between 2003 and 2011, and the creation of a typology to define land uses and housing types. The results show that intermediate cities follow similar trends to the capital city, Santiago, and face similar problems, in particular the concentration of services in the urban core. These similarities are produced by the application of general planning instruments: Article 55 and Decree Law 3516. While most research on urban sprawl focuses on private agency, this article highlights the role of the state in its production. It is therefore relevant to explore the nature of public agency in urban sprawl processes in different metropolitan and intermediate cities, and how planning policies can be adapted to curb the phenomenon.Sustainability 2019, 11, 7165 2 of 17 onwards, but rather the oxymoron of 'planned urban sprawl', whereby the State was the principal promoter of this model of urban sprawl. It was not a deficit of social, economic, and political control over different interest groups that led to this process, but the inverse: A high level of control and the production of instruments to facilitate this process. In this sense, the Chilean experience flies in the face of the argument that urban sprawl is produced by uncontrolled, unplanned growth on the urban periphery. In this case, it was co-produced by the authoritarian State in collaboration with private interest groups who were committed to the liberalization of land and the dismissal of the limitations imposed by urban and regional planning principles; this experience provides a strong example of what has been defined as new public management.Furthermore, while there is considerable literature on the Santiago case, the experience of intermediate cities since the 1990s has provided evidence of a replication of this Santiago model of urban sprawl in wider Chilean urban development as a product of the persistence of instruments that date from the dictatorship period. This is relevant, since Santiago presents serious problems of access to services and segregation, which are accentuated as a result of dispersed urbanization. In intermediate cities, instead of promoting models of urban development that contrast with the primate city and its ills, there is inertia due to the dominant planning instruments that have led to a mirroring of that experience.The analysis presented here is drawn from the urban policy and planning instruments, and evidence of urban sprawl in intermediate cities: The conu...

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“…Durante esta década, el Estado decidió detener la extensión urbana, lo que fue una consecuencia de la política liberal de Pinochet de los años ochenta (Vicuña, 2013). Para eso desarrolló un nuevo tipo de urbanismo que podríamos llamar "pro-empresarial" (Harvey, 1989).…”

Section: Las Condiciones Socioespaciales De La Nostalgia En Santiago unclassified

La nostalgia en la producción urbana: La defensa de barrios en Santiago de Chile

Colin

2017

Revista INVI

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ResumenEn los últimos años, la ciudad neoliberal se ha transformado en un tema central en los estudios urbanos. Uno de los aspectos analizado es la extensión de la presión inmobiliaria acompañada por la renovación urbana que consiste en destruir y reconstruir de manera permanente la ciudad. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios que se interesan en la manera en que esos procesos son vividos y percibidos en la cotidianidad por sus habitantes, para desde ahí establecer un punto de vista crítico. Partiendo de esta constatación, el artículo propone interrogar la nostalgia gatillada por los cambios urbanos a partir del estudio de la movilización de habitantes contra los proyectos inmobiliarios y por la defensa de su barrio en Santiago Centro (Chile). El artículo se basa en un trabajo de campo de corte etnográfico realizado en 2014 y 2015 con grupos de habitantes involucrados en la defensa y la revalorización patrimonial del barrio Matta Sur. Con este trabajo se busca analizar y cuestionar la presencia y la materialización de la nostalgia en el espacio y sus usos y funciones socio-culturales actuales en la producción de la ciudad. IntroducciónEn América Latina, en los últimos años, gran parte de la literatura sobre lo urbano se ha interesado en las formas socio-espaciales de la ciudad neoliberal. Concepto utilizado para interrogar la ciudad contemporánea, hace referencia a las políticas urbanas que se piensan y se aplican a escalas múltiples desde lo local hasta lo global (Hidalgo y Janoschka, 2014) y que se basan, por un lado, en la desregulación de los mercados y el retiro del Estado y, por otro lado, en la financiación de la economía, la especulación y la plusvalía urbana (Rodríguez y Rodríguez, 2009). En Chile, uno de los aspectos que ha sido estudiado es la extensión y el fortalecimiento de la presión inmobiliaria, acompañada por la liberalización del mercado del suelo (Mattos, 2002(Mattos, y 2010López, Gasic y Meza, 2012). Eso se traduce generalmente en la renovación urbana, que consiste en destruir y reconstruir de manera permanente la ciudad y que conduce muchas veces a una densificación del tejido urbano y a una verticalización de la ciudad, como por ejemplo en Santiago Centro desde los años 1990 (Hidalgo, 2010;Contreras, 2011). Para analizar los procesos de la renovación urbana como dimensión constituyente de la ciudad neoliberal (Harvey, 1990), los autores privilegian enfoques institucionales y/o estructuralistas. No obstante, escasos son los análisis que se interesan en la forma en la cual estas evoluciones son vividas y percibidas por sus habitantes.Además, los cambios no son solamente materiales, sino que también involucran los estilos de vida y las costumbres. Por lo tanto, siguiendo la línea de pensamiento de Lefebvre (1974), según la cual la producción del espacio se fundaría también en sus dimensiones vividas y percibidas, el artículo enfatiza en la manera en que los habitantes viven, piensan y se piensan en el cambio socio-espacial permanente de la ciudad neoliberal.Para abordar esta problemática...

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El marco regulatorio en el contexto de la gestión empresarialista y la mercantilización del desarrollo urbano del Gran Santiago, Chile

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Promoted Urbanization of the Countryside: The Case of Santiago’s Periphery, Chile (1980–2017)

Promoted Urbanization of the Countryside: The Case of Santiago’s Periphery, Chile (1980–2017)

The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile

La nostalgia en la producción urbana: La defensa de barrios en Santiago de Chile

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