Elastic, Dynamic Viscoelastic and Model-Derived Fibril-Reinforced Poroelastic Mechanical Properties of Normal and Osteoarthritic Human Femoral Condyle Cartilage

Ebrahimi, Mohammadhossein; Finnilä, Mikko A. J.; Turkiewicz, Aleksandra; Englund, Martin; Saarakkala, Simo; Korhonen, Rami K.; Tanska, Petri

doi:10.1007/s10439-021-02838-4

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The blocks were sectioned and stained for OARSI grading. These steps were conducted in our previous study 13 . In this study, the blocks underwent additional quantitative histological analyses including digital densitometry, polarized light microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general workflow of the study is presented in Figure 1. The biomechanical properties of the samples were characterized in our previous study 13 . We were not able to measure 12 samples in the indentation test due to the lack or considerable loss of articular cartilage (nearly complete erosion).…”

Section: Sample Preparation Mechanical Testing and Determination Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…† indicates log-transformed variables and § indicates logit-transformed variables. The mechanical material parameters are explained in more detail in ref 13…”

Section: Depth-wise Structure-function Associations With the Mechanic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, we included only 35 samples in the mechanical characterization. Since the mechanical testing protocol and results were reported in detail in our recent papers 13,14 , only a brief summary is given here.…”

Section: Sample Preparation Mechanical Testing and Determination Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our recent study 13 , we investigated human femoral condyle cartilage and characterized the alterations in the bulk mechanical as well as constituent-specific mechanical properties of the tissue with regard to different stages of OA. Surprisingly, we observed no essential deterioration in the mechanical properties of the moderate OA cartilage as compared with that of normal cartilage, while the severe OA cartilage showed clear signs of deterioration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of human femoral condyle cartilage structure and composition with viscoelastic and constituent-specific material properties at different stages of osteoarthritis

Ebrahimi

Turkiewicz

Finnilä

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The relationships between structure and function in human knee femoral cartilage are not well-known at different stages of osteoarthritis. Thus, we characterized the depth-dependent composition and structure of normal and osteoarthritic human femoral condyle cartilage (n = 47) and related them to their viscoelastic and constituent-specific mechanical properties. We observed that, in superficial cartilage, the collagen network disorganization and proteoglycan loss were associated with the smaller initial fibril network modulus (collagen pretension). Furthermore, the proteoglycan loss was associated with the greater strain-dependent fibril network modulus (a measure of nonlinear mechanical behavior). The proteoglycan loss was also associated with greater cartilage viscosity at a low loading frequency (0.005 Hz), while the disorganization of the collagen network was associated with greater cartilage viscosity at a high loading frequency (1 Hz). Our results suggest that proteoglycan degradation and collagen disorganization reduce the pretension of the collagen network while proteoglycan degradation also increases the nonlinear mechanical response of the collagen network. Further, the results also highlight that proteoglycan degradation and collagen disorganization increase the viscosity of cartilage, but their contribution to increased viscosity occurs in completely different loading frequencies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation Mechanical Testing and Determination Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…† indicates log-transformed variables and § indicates logit-transformed variables. The mechanical material parameters are explained in more detail in ref 13…”

Section: Depth-wise Structure-function Associations With the Mechanic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation Mechanical Testing and Determination Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of human femoral condyle cartilage structure and composition with viscoelastic and constituent-specific material properties at different stages of osteoarthritis

Ebrahimi

Turkiewicz

Finnilä

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Cartilage biomechanics: From the basic facts to the challenges of tissue engineering

Petitjean

Cañadas

Royer

et al. 2022

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Articular cartilage (AC) is the thin tissue that covers the long bone ends in the joints and that ensures the transmission of forces between adjacent bones while allowing nearly frictionless movements between them. AC repair is a technologic and scientific challenge that has been addressed with numerous approaches. A major deadlock is the capacity to take in account its complex mechanical properties in repair strategies. In this review, we first describe the major mechanical behaviors of AC for the non‐specialists. Then, we show how researchers have progressively identified specific mechanical parameters using mathematical models. There are still gaps in our understanding of some of the observations concerning AC biomechanical properties, particularly the differences in extracellular matrix stiffness measured at the microscale and at the millimetric scale. Nevertheless, for bioengineering applications, AC repair strategies must take into account what are commonly considered the main mechanical features of cartilage: its ability to withstand high stresses through three main behaviors (elasticity, poroelasticity and swelling). Finally, we emphasize that future studies need to investigate AC mechanical properties at different scales, particularly the gradient of mechanical properties around cells and across the cartilage depth, and the differences in mechanical properties at different scales. This multi‐scale approach could greatly enhance the success of AC restorative approaches.

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Triple contrast computed tomography reveals site‐specific biomechanical differences in the human knee joint—A proof of concept study

Orava,

Paakkari,

Jäntti

et al. 2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Cartilage and synovial fluid are challenging to observe separately in native computed tomography (CT). We report the use of triple contrast agent (bismuth nanoparticles, CA4+, and gadoteridol) to image and segment cartilage in cadaveric knee joints with a clinical CT scanner. We hypothesize that bismuth nanoparticles will remain in synovial fluid while the CA4+ and gadoteridol will diffuse into cartilage, allowing 1) segmentation of cartilage, and 2) evaluation of cartilage biomechanical properties based on contrast agent concentrations. To investigate these hypotheses, triple contrast agent was injected into both knee joints of a cadaver (N = 1), imaged with a clinical CT at multiple timepoints during the contrast agent diffusion. Knee joints were extracted, imaged with µCT, and biomechanical properties of the cartilage surface were determined by stress‐relaxation mapping. Cartilage was segmented and contrast agent concentrations (CA4+ and gadoteridol) were compared with the biomechanical properties at multiple locations (n = 185). Spearman's correlation between cartilage thickness from clinical CT and reference µCT images verifies successful and reliable segmentation. CA4+ concentration is significantly higher in femoral than in tibial cartilage at 60‐min and further timepoints, which corresponds to the higher Young's modulus observed in femoral cartilage. In this pilot study, we show that 1) large bismuth nanoparticles do not diffuse into cartilage, facilitating straightforward segmentation of human knee joint cartilage in a clinical setting, and 2) CA4+ concentration in cartilage reflects the biomechanical differences between femoral and tibial cartilage. Thus, the triple contrast agent CT shows potential in cartilage morphology and condition estimation in clinical CT.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Elastic, Dynamic Viscoelastic and Model-Derived Fibril-Reinforced Poroelastic Mechanical Properties of Normal and Osteoarthritic Human Femoral Condyle Cartilage

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Associations of human femoral condyle cartilage structure and composition with viscoelastic and constituent-specific material properties at different stages of osteoarthritis

Associations of human femoral condyle cartilage structure and composition with viscoelastic and constituent-specific material properties at different stages of osteoarthritis

Cartilage biomechanics: From the basic facts to the challenges of tissue engineering

Triple contrast computed tomography reveals site‐specific biomechanical differences in the human knee joint—A proof of concept study

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