Electric field control of RKKY coupling through solid-state ionics

Ameziane, Maria; Rosenkamp, Roy; Flajšman, Lukáš; Dijken, Sebastiaan van; Mansell, Rhodri

doi:10.1063/5.0145144

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Devices operating on these principles are electrochemical transistors, where a gate voltage ( V g ) across the electrolyte or ionic conductor controls the properties of the target material electrode through ion insertion/extraction, merging concepts from materials science, electrochemistry, physics, and electrical engineering. The resulting modulation of materials properties spans extraordinary ranges of electronic, − ,,− ,,, magnetic, − ,,,− ,− ,,− thermal, ,, and optical ,,− ,− properties, leading to device potential in magnetoionics, − ,,,− ,− ,,− neuromorphic and stochastic computing, ,− , thermal management,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is now understood that this can be achieved via ionic liquids and gels, − solid electrolytes, ,− and ionic conductors, ,− utilizing these media to control the insertion/extraction of various chemical species into/out of target materials they are interfaced with. These species include oxygen ions/vacancies (O/V O ), − H ions, ,− ,,,,,,, Li ions, ,, N ions, , F ions, etc., inserted/extracted into/from a variety of target materials, spanning metals, − ,,,, oxides, − ,− ...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3−δ

Postiglione,

Yu,

Chaturvedi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Perovskite cobaltites have emerged as archetypes for electrochemical control of materials properties in electrolytegate devices. Voltage-driven redox cycling can be performed between fully oxygenated perovskite and oxygen-vacancy-ordered brownmillerite phases, enabling exceptional modulation of the crystal structure, electronic transport, thermal transport, magnetism, and optical properties. The vast majority of studies, however, have focused heavily on the perovskite and brownmillerite end points. In contrast, here we focus on hysteresis and reversibility across the entire perovskite ↔ brownmillerite topotactic transformation, combining gate-voltage hysteresis loops, minor hysteresis loops, quantitative operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and temperature-dependent (magneto)transport, on ion-gel-gated ultrathin (10-unit-cell) epitaxial La 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3−δ films. Gate-voltage hysteresis loops combined with operando diffraction reveal a wealth of new mechanistic findings, including asymmetric redox kinetics due to differing oxygen diffusivities in the two phases, nonmonotonic transformation rates due to the first-order nature of the transformation, and limits on reversibility due to first-cycle structural degradation. Minor loops additionally enable the first rational design of an optimal gate-voltage cycle. Combining this knowledge, we demonstrate state-of-the-art nonvolatile cycling of electronic and magnetic properties, encompassing >10 5 transport ON/OFF ratios at room temperature, and reversible metal−insulator−metal and ferromagnet−nonferromagnet−ferromagnet cycling, all at 10-unit-cell thickness with high room-temperature stability. This paves the way for future work to establish the ultimate cycling frequency and endurance of such devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3−δ

Postiglione,

Yu,

Chaturvedi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Room‐Temperature Solid‐State Nitrogen‐Based Magneto‐Ionics in Co_xMn_1−xN Films

López‐Pintó,

Jensen,

Chen

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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The increasing energy demand in information technologies requires novel low‐power procedures to store and process data. Magnetic materials, central to these technologies, are usually controlled through magnetic fields or spin‐polarized currents that are prone to the Joule heating effect. Magneto‐ionics is a unique energy‐efficient strategy to control magnetism that can induce large non‐volatile modulation of magnetization, coercivity and other properties through voltage‐driven ionic motion. Recent studies have shown promising magneto‐ionic effects using nitrogen ions. However, either liquid electrolytes or prior annealing procedures are necessary to induce the desired N‐ion motion. In this work, magneto‐ionic effects are voltage‐triggered at room temperature in solid state systems of CoxMn1‐xN films, without the need of thermal annealing. Upon gating, a rearrangement of nitrogen ions in the layers is observed, leading to changes in the co‐existing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases, which result in substantial increase of magnetization at room temperature and modulation of the exchange bias effect at low temperatures. A detailed correlation between the structural and magnetic evolution of the system upon voltage actuation is provided. The obtained results offer promising new avenues for the utilization of nitride compounds in energy‐efficient spintronic and other memory devices.

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Magneto‐Ionic Control of Coercivity and Domain‐Wall Velocity in Co/Pd Multilayers by Electrochemical Hydrogen Loading

Bischoff,

Ehrler,

Engelhardt

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Magneto‐ionics, as the electrochemical reconfiguration of magnetic materials at low gating voltages, is a highly energy‐efficient alternative to control magnetism. For the fastest magneto‐ionic concept based on hydrogen, fundamental mechanisms are currently under debate, mainly because quantitative compositional information inside the magnetic materials upon gating is lacking. Using the electrochemical hydrogen loading of Co/Pd multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy, this study demonstrates that the hydrogen concentration inside the magnetic material determines its magnetic properties. Hydrogen concentrations up to a maximum of (0.24 ± 0.01) hydrogen atoms per metal atom can be set deterministically by voltage and are quantified via flow‐cell coulometry. With increasing hydrogen concentration, a continuous increase in coercivity of up to 15% and a decrease in magnetic domain‐wall velocity by an order of magnitude are observed using in situ MOKE microscopy. This enables the voltage‐controlled stop‐and‐go of domain walls. These magneto‐ionic effects can be explained by an increasing perpendicular anisotropy with increasing hydrogen content in Co/Pd multilayers, which is supported by theory. Importantly, the approach should be transferable to other ionic systems, such as lithium‐ or oxygen‐based ones, where it can uncover the yet hidden effects of ionic concentration on the magnetic properties and guide the design of functional magneto‐ionic devices.

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Electric field control of RKKY coupling through solid-state ionics

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3−δ

Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3−δ

Room‐Temperature Solid‐State Nitrogen‐Based Magneto‐Ionics in Co_xMn_1−xN Films

Magneto‐Ionic Control of Coercivity and Domain‐Wall Velocity in Co/Pd Multilayers by Electrochemical Hydrogen Loading

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Electric field control of RKKY coupling through solid-state ionics

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ

Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ

Room‐Temperature Solid‐State Nitrogen‐Based Magneto‐Ionics in CoxMn1−xN Films

Magneto‐Ionic Control of Coercivity and Domain‐Wall Velocity in Co/Pd Multilayers by Electrochemical Hydrogen Loading

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Product

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Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3−δ

Mechanisms of Hysteresis and Reversibility across the Voltage-Driven Perovskite–Brownmillerite Transformation in Electrolyte-Gated Ultrathin La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO_3−δ

Room‐Temperature Solid‐State Nitrogen‐Based Magneto‐Ionics in Co_xMn_1−xN Films