Electric power metering with its low quality

Abstract

The issue of electricity metering with low quality is being considered. Special attention is paid to checking the connection metering scheme with low quality of electrical energy. It is shown that a specific circuit design can affect the accuracy of metering of electrical energy in case of poor quality of electrical energy. In distribution networks intended for power supply of industrial enterprises, reactive power is also active. If the consumer has compensating devices, the directions of active and reactive power can be opposite. It is noted that current transformers, selected taking into account the short-circuit current or the characteristics of relay protection, do not provide metering accuracy due to the increased transformation ratio, forcing the installation of an additional set of current transformers or transferring the meters to another point in the network. Thus, the current transformation ratio of the current transformer is somewhat different from the nominal one, and the secondary current vector forms a certain angle with the primary current vector. The voltage error is manifested in a slight decrease in the secondary voltage under load. The angular error is characterized by a certain angle between the vectors of the primary and secondary stress. The value of the errors depends on the load power of the transformer. The maximum allowable voltage drop of the transformer determines the accuracy class. A rated power is set for each accuracy class. Thus, the voltage transformer, depending on the load, can operate in different accuracy classes. Changing the accuracy classes leads to errors in the measurements of metering devices and requires appropriate correction. The article reveals the reasons for the occurrence of such errors, which makes it possible to develop methods and, as a consequence, create devices to prevent the described errors of metering devices.