Electrical and optical percolations of polystyrene latex–multiwalled carbon nanotube composites

A simple methodology to predict the tunneling conductivity of polymer/CNT nanocomposites by the roles of tunneling distance, interphase and CNT waviness

“…The suggested equations for "f", "f eff " and "s N " terms can be used in eqn (13) to predict the electrical conductivity of PCNT based on tunneling mechanism by the roles of interphase, waviness and tunneling distance.…”

“…10 This model also displays good agreement with the electrical conductivity of PCNT, as reported by (ref. [11][12][13]. Although this model can follow the conductivity of PCNT, it cannot consider the physical properties of CNT, such as its nano-size or interphase.…”

Development of Tunable Nanocomposites Made from Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Applications

“…One way to get a wide overview of the electrical properties of the nanocomposites is by performing percolation curves. Systems composed of polymeric matrix and conductive filler experience the percolation transition which refers to the critical concentration of the filler at which the electrical properties of the composite are significantly changed (Céspedes et al, 1996;Martin et al, 2004;Olek, 2006;Singh et al, 2009;Faiella et al, 2009;Olivé-Monllau et al, 2009;Kara et al, 2010). The CNT composite becomes conductive above a critical value which is called percolation threshold and defines the insulatorconductor transition.…”

“…et al, 2003). Numerous studies have been performed on the evaluation of the electrical percolation threshold of CNT/polymer systems (Martin et al, 2004;Olek, 2006;Singh et al, 2009;Faiella et al, 2009;Kara et al, 2010). Depending on the functionalization, exfoliation and dispersion of CNTs, composite processing and properties of the components, different values of percolation thresholds were obtained ranging from 0.005 up to 5 wt%.…”

“…and for (bio)chemical sensing (diagnostic medicine, genetics, drug, food and environmental sensing). Many groups have reported the use of CNT (bio)composites based on Teflon, epoxy, chitosan, poplystyrene or polysulfone for a wide variety of electroanalytical assays (Wang, 2005;Pumera et al, 2006;Xiao et al, 2008;Yogeswaran & Chen, 2008;Pacios et al, 2008;Sánchez et al, 2009;Kara et al, 2010;Olivé-Monllau et al, 2010 (McCreery, 2008). First, the composites exhibit the interesting advantage of easy surface renewal without extensive polishing.…”