Electrical measurement to assess hydration process and the porosity formation

Wei, Xiaosheng; Xiao, Lan; Li, Zongjin

doi:10.1007/s11595-007-5761-3

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This result is symmetrical to the findings from previous studies, i.e. different water to cement ratio leads to different cracking time (T c ) and the higher ratio of water to cement paste need long time to reach its drying at early age [6,10,18]. Nevertheless, many of the previous studies did not determine exactly the cracks would happen.…”

Section: Restrained Shrinkage Cracking Testsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Using Eccentrically Sample to Find the Relationship between Resistivity and Cracking Time in Cement Paste Vides Mechanical Strength and Electrical Resistivity

Abusogi¹,

Wei²,

Fu³

2017

AJCEA

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Early-age cracking is often attributed as a major cause of reduction in the durability of concrete structures. The objective of this paper is to study the hydration behavior of various samples of different water-cement ratios, that's in order to assess crack potential, compressive strength and setting time of the cement paste. The behavior of hydration was monitored by using a non-contact electrical resistivity apparatus. While a new eccentrically steel cracking frame (ESCF), setting time and compressive strength standard test were considered to measure the restrained shrinkage cracks, compressive strength and setting time respectively. The objective of using the eccentrically sample is to provide a new method to assess the cracks at early age by presents a complicated and non-uniform circumferential stress in the eccentrically cement paste ring. The results show that the electrical resistivity measurement of all samples with different water cement ratios had similar trends. Whereas the lowest water-cement ratio paste indicates highest resistivity values, reaches an earlier inflection point, and obtained higher compressive strength than other cement pastes of higher water-cement ratio. The eccentrically restrained cracking test (ERCT) and setting time demonstrated that lower water-cement ratio paste set and cracked earliest, which is therefore, confirmed its highest cracking tendency. The cracks took place at the narrow regions of specimens, which can be an indicator for eccentrically restrained shrinkage test (ERST). The cracks were observed as growing at narrow areas and reach full-depth over time. A mathematical model for predicting the cracking age of cement is proposed. The equation showed the existence of a positive relationship between electrical resistivity represented by inflection points (Ti) and cracks time (Tc).

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Section: Restrained Shrinkage Cracking Testsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The development of electrical resistivity with time reflects the decrease of pore space with conductive ions and the increase of solid space with insulator properties; and such relation can be determined by comparing the electrical resistivity and mechanical properties [18].…”

Section: Setting Time Compressive Strength Relation With Resistivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Eccentrically Sample to Find the Relationship between Resistivity and Cracking Time in Cement Paste Vides Mechanical Strength and Electrical Resistivity

Abusogi¹,

Wei²,

Fu³

2017

AJCEA

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“…Electrical resistivity is one of the most essential parameters for structural health monitoring in cement paste because it makes concrete sensitive for detecting any strain or cracks. Many studies have used electrical resistivity tests for cement content applications [17,[37][38][39]. Despite the number of studies, there is a paucity of detail in the literature regarding tracking and quantification of electrical resistivity assessments to characterize cement-based materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement of electrical resistivity reaction characteristics has sufficient sensitivity for tracking cemented materials' characteristics, but there is no quantification [40]. In fact, few studies have proposed statically models to estimate the electrical resistivity of cement-based materials [39]. Moreover, cement paste's electrical resistivity is impacted by many factors, including water to cement ratio (w/c), temperature, moisture content, nanoparticle content, and pore structure [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Analytical Models to Evaluate the Impact of Carbon Nanotubes on the Electrical Resistivity and Compressive Strength of the Cement Paste

2021

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Cement paste is the most common construction material being used in the construction industry. Nanomaterials are the hottest topic worldwide, which affect the mechanical properties of construction materials such as cement paste. Cement pastes containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are piezoresistive intelligent materials. The electrical resistivity of cementitious composites varies with the stress conditions under static and dynamic loads as carbon nanotubes are added to the cement paste. In cement paste, electrical resistivity is one of the most critical criteria for structural health control. Therefore, it is essential to develop a reliable mathematical model for predicting electrical resistivity. In this study, four different models—including the nonlinear regression model (NLR), linear regression model (LR), multilinear regression model (MLR), and artificial neural network model (ANN)—were proposed to predict the electrical resistivity of cement paste modified with carbon nanotube. Furthermore, the correlation between the compressive strength of cement paste and the electrical resistivity model has also been proposed in this study and compared with models in the literature. In this respect, 116 data points were gathered and examined to develop the models, and 56 data points were collected for the proposed correlation model. Most critical parameters influencing the electrical resistivity of cement paste were considered during the modeling process—i.e., water to cement ratio ranged from 0.2 to 0.485, carbon nanotube percentage varied from 0 to 1.5%, and curing time ranged from 1 to 180 days. The electrical resistivity of cement paste with a very large number ranging from 0.798–1252.23 Ω.m was reported in this study. Furthermore, various statistical assessments such as coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), scatter index (SI), and OBJ were used to investigate the performance of different models. Based on statistical assessments—such as SI, OBJ, and R2—the output results concluded that the artificial neural network ANN model performed better at predicting electrical resistivity for cement paste than the LR, NLR, and MLR models. In addition, the proposed correlation model gives better performance based on R2, RMSE, MAE, and SI for predicting compressive strength as a function of electrical resistivity compared to the models proposed in the literature.

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“…Also the piezoresistive behavior of modified cement-based and polymer composites (Vipulanandan et al 2004(Vipulanandan et al , 2006. Limited studies have used electrical measurement methods to study the microstructural evolution in hydrating cementbased material systems (Wei et al 2008;Zuo et al 2014). Limited studies have used electrical measurement methods to study the microstructural evolution in hydrating cementbased material systems (Wei et al 2008;Zuo et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Test for Real Time Monitoring of Piezoresistive Smart Cement to Verify the Cementing Operations

Vipulanandan

Ali

Basirat

et al. 2016

Day 1 Mon, May 02, 2016

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In this study, a field well was installed and cemented using the smart cement mixture with enhanced piezoresistive properties. The field well was designed, built, and used to demonstrate the concept of real time monitoring of the flow of drilling mud and smart cement and hardening of the cement in place. The well was installed in soft swelling clay soils to investigate the sensitivity of the smart oil well cement. A new method has been developed to measure the electrical resistivity of the materials using the two probe method. Using the new concept, it has been proven that the resistivity dominated the behavior of drilling fluid and smart cement. LCR meters (measures the inductance (L), capacitance (C) and resistance (R)) were used at 300 kHz frequency to measure the changes in resistance. The well instrumentation was outside the casing with 120 probes, 18 strain gages and 9 thermocouples. The strain gages and thermocouples were used to compare the sensitivity of these instruments to the two probe resistance measure in-situ in the cement. The electric probes used to measure the resistance were placed vertically at 15 levels and each level had eight horizontal probes.Change in the resistance of hardening cement was continuously monitored since the installation of the field well for over 100 days. Also, a method to predict the changes in electrical resistance of the hardening cement outside the casing (Electrical Resistance Model -ERM) with time has been developed. The ERM predicted the changes in the electrical resistances of the hardening cement outside the cemented casing very well. In addition, the pressure testing showed the piezoresistive response of the hardened smart cement and a piezoresistive model has been developed to predict the pressure in the casing from the change in resistivity in the smart cement.

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Electrical measurement to assess hydration process and the porosity formation

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Using Eccentrically Sample to Find the Relationship between Resistivity and Cracking Time in Cement Paste Vides Mechanical Strength and Electrical Resistivity

Using Eccentrically Sample to Find the Relationship between Resistivity and Cracking Time in Cement Paste Vides Mechanical Strength and Electrical Resistivity

Multiple Analytical Models to Evaluate the Impact of Carbon Nanotubes on the Electrical Resistivity and Compressive Strength of the Cement Paste

Field Test for Real Time Monitoring of Piezoresistive Smart Cement to Verify the Cementing Operations

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