Electricity in the 17th and 18th Centuries

Heilbron, J. L.

doi:10.1525/9780520334601

Cited by 207 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, the absence of a permittivity of any form in the repulsion factors of traditional theories shows that traditional theories ignore electrical interactions altogether. Coulomb's law (whether written as an integral or in the differential form called Poisson's equation) has been the customary formulation used to describe the repulsive (or attractive) forces produced by electric charge for 173 years (p. 57 of Heilbron, 1979;Whittaker, 1951). Using other treatments of repulsion implies the existence of forces not described by Coulomb's law, i.e., nonelectrical forces.…”

Section: L-type Calcium Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

Eisenberg

1999

Journal of Membrane Biology

160

131

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We consider a simple working hypothesis that all permeation properties of open ionic channels can be predicted by understanding electrodiffusion in fixed structures, without invoking conformation changes, or changes in chemical bonds. We know, of course, that ions can bind to specific protein structures, and that this binding is not easily described by the traditional electrostatic equations of physics textbooks, that describe average electric fields, the so-called `mean field'. The question is which specific properties can be explained just by mean field electrostatics and which cannot. I believe the best way to uncover the specific chemical properties of channels is to invoke them as little as possible, seeking to explain with mean field electrostatics first. Then, when phenomena appear that cannot be described that way, by the mean field alone, we turn to chemically specific explanations, seeking the appropriate tools (of electrochemistry, Langevin, or molecular dynamics, for example) to understand them. In this spirit, we turn now to the structure of open ionic channels, apply the laws of electrodiffusion to them, and see how many of their properties we can predict just that way.Comment: Nearly final version of publicatio

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Section: L-type Calcium Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

Eisenberg

1999

Journal of Membrane Biology

160

131

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“…If one wants to electrify water, either by holding an electrified glass tube near it or by putting a metal wire connected to an electrified tube into the water, one should put the water in a glass or porcelain jar and place the jar in turn on a wax or glass support. 10 Put more generally, the rule stated that in order to electrify a body "the body to be electrified had to rest upon an electric support of sufficient thickness, or, as we would say, had to be properly insulated." 11 According to Heilbron, this was a general rule, which guided electrical research "until an apparent violation of it forced a revolution in electrical theory."…”

Section: The Early History Of the Leiden Jar In The Secondary Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 According to Heilbron, this was a general rule, which guided electrical research "until an apparent violation of it forced a revolution in electrical theory." 12 This violation is of course the working of the Leiden jar, which, according to Heilbron, involved the necessity of grounding the jar (for example by holding it in one's hands) instead of insulating it.…”

Section: The Early History Of the Leiden Jar In The Secondary Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 As we have seen, for Heilbron the significance of the Leiden jar for the history of electrical research lay in the fact that it was a theoretical anomaly and thus "forced a revolution in electrical theory." 17 Silva and Heering show that the early responses to and the experiments performed with the Leiden jar were however more diverse and should not be reduced to its treatment as a theoretical anomaly in need of an explanation. Certain researchers tried to replicate and stabilize the experiment.…”

Section: The Early History Of the Leiden Jar In The Secondary Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692–1761) and the early Leiden jar: A discussion of the neglected manuscripts

Present

2021

Hist Sci

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In this article, I discuss manuscript material written by Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692–1761) related to his first experiments with the Leiden jar. Despite the importance of the discovery of the Leiden jar for the history of electricity and the questions that still surround its discovery, a detailed treatment of this manuscript material is lacking in the literature. The main aim of this paper is to provide an outline of the manuscript material and to contextualize van Musschenbroek’s first experiments with the Leiden jar. I show how the experiment fits within his research program on electricity and I discuss van Musschenbroek’s initial reactions to and analysis of the phenomenon. Before doing so, I first provide a short overview of the treatment of the early history of the Leiden jar in the secondary literature. After that, I discuss van Musschenbroek’s treatment of the topic of electricity in the textbooks he published in the years before the discovery of the device. Van Musschenbroek repeatedly emphasized that not enough experimental results were available for an informed theoretical treatment of the phenomenon of electricity to be possible. I then turn to the manuscript material, where I give a general description of the contents of the manuscript and van Musschenbroek’s experimental practice. The manuscript material further confirms recent work on the Leiden jar by Silva and Heering, and provides new insights into the way van Musschenbroek himself reacted to the discovery.

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“…Apresentado os objetivos e estrutura desta tese, passamos agora ao contexto histórico 3 , focado na eletricidade no século XVIII.…”

Section: Objetivos E Abordagens Da Pesquisaunclassified

A matematização da eletrostática no século XVIII: de rupturas epistemológicas a estilos de matematização

Nardi¹

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Todo trabalho de História tem sua própria história e neste espaço eu gostaria de agradecer a alguns (dos muitos) que fizeram parte desta. É impossível citar todos, mas mencionarei os principais.Agradeço primeiro à minha orientadora, Cibelle Celestino Silva, cujos ensinamentos levarei para a vida; entre eles, o já famoso "ars longa, vita brevis". Aprendi com o tempo a ouvir suas críticas com leveza e, por isso, acabei aprendendo mais do que poderia imaginar, não só sobre História da Ciência, mas sobre a vida. Aos meus colegas e amigos do grupo de História e Ensino de Ciências na USP, o GHTC-São Carlos. Primeiro aos que moram longe, José Guilherme Lício e José Antônioque me ensinaram a usar o metrô de São Paulo -, e cujas presenças tornaram-se comuns e agradáveis nas reuniões online de 2020 e 2021. Também agradeço aos que frequentavam o IFSC presencialmente: sempre foi muito prazeroso tomar um café no meio da tarde, ou ir jantar no começo da noite para colocar o papo em dia (antes da pandemia, claro). Em especial,Ciro Ferreira e seu fiel escudeiro, Jorge (ou Ricardo, se preferir). Além deles, conheci, em 2020 (online), membros do GHTC todo, espalhados pelo Brasil por diversas universidades, para os quais também deixo o meu agradecimento. As reuniões deste grupo, assim como do situado em São Carlos, são sempre frutíferas e me dão energia, especialmente quando preciso.Em todos os congressos que fui, conheci professores e pós-graduandos da área com os quais aprendi muito, em vários sentidos. Em particular, registro meu agradecimento ao professor André Assis, que conheci em um desses congressos e que foi certeiro em suas perguntas incisivas, deixando-me com mais vontade de aprofundar minha pesquisa. Também deixo registrado o quão importante foi ter ido ao IHPST de 2019, em Tessalônica, Grécia, onde encontrei pessoas que me ajudaram, não só na pesquisa, mas também na minha compreensão de onde eu queria estar. Lá, tive finalmente certeza do que eu queria fazer.Além disso, eu também conheci por e-mail alguns professores que marcam a seção de referências bibliográficas deste trabalho. Entre eles, agradeço especialmente ao professor Roderick Weir Home por ser tão pontual e tão cordial ao responder minhas perguntas, sempre interessado em participar. Obrigado, professor! À banca examinadora da minha Qualificação, composta pelos professores Leonardo Paulo Maia, Ricardo Karam e Ivã Gurgel. Sem as dicas e sugestões deles, especialmente as do professor Ivã, minha tese não seria nada parecida com esta. Meu trabalho deve muito a eles. RESUMONARDI, L. M. C. A matematização da eletrostática no século XVIII: de rupturas epistemológicas a estilos de matematização. 2021. 182 p. Tese (Doutorado

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Electricity in the 17th and 18th Centuries

Cited by 207 publications

References 0 publications

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692–1761) and the early Leiden jar: A discussion of the neglected manuscripts

A matematização da eletrostática no século XVIII: de rupturas epistemológicas a estilos de matematização

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