Electro-chemo-mechanics of solid state batteries with lithium plating and stripping

Abstract

This note is about a novel, thermodynamically consistent formulation for small strains continuum electro-chemo-mechanics applied to all solid state batteries, which are claimed to be the next-generation battery system in view of their safety accompanied by high energy densities. The response of a cell, made of a lithium metal foil, a solid electrolyte, and a porous LiCoO2 cathode, has been investigated in terms of quantities of interest such as the electric potential, the lithium concentrations profiles, displacements, and stresses. The plating and stripping of the lithium has been considered together with the volumetric evolution of the porous cathode. Together they contribute to the outbreak of mechanical stresses, which may influence the life cycle of a battery.

A Comparative Review of Models for All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries

“…This picture is thermodynamically encapsulated in the constitutive law (18). In [21,48] the dynamic filling of vacancies by neighboring positions has been explicitly modeled. To capture this process some ions, denoted henceforth with Li + int , move in a meta-stable interstitial state after the chemical ionization reaction (3) occurs, whereas the remaining Li + ions hop and fill neighboring vacancies.…”

“…The additional required equation is Ampère's law (with Maxwell's correction) 6 . To conclude the set of balance equations, the usual balance of forces in small strains was accounted for in [48] div…”

Finite‐strain poro‐visco‐elasticity with degenerate mobility

“…We refer to refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6] and the references therein for applications in thermo-mechanics, solid-state batteries, poroelasticity in biological tissue, hydrogen storage, and elastomeric materials.…”

Engineering Covalent Organic Frameworks Toward Advanced Zinc‐Based Batteries

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Lithium-ion batteries have DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313152 dominated the market attribute to their high energy density and suitable operating voltage; however, the shortage of lithium resources, potential safety hazards, and toxic organic electrolytes have limited their further applications. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Hence, the design of safe, reliable, and cost-effective batteries while also ensuring a high energy density has become a research hotspot in recent years. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Among rechargeable batteries, zinc-based batteries (ZBBs) are tremendously favored owing to their inherent security, competitive price, environmental friendliness, and low redox potential and have developed with tremendous rapidity in recent years (Figure 1a).…”