Electrocatalytic Activity of Graphene Multilayers toward I−/I3−: Effect of Preparation Conditions and Polyelectrolyte Modification

Hasin, Panitat; Alpuche-Avilés, Mario A.; Wu, Yiying

doi:10.1021/jp106130v

Cited by 64 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…It is known that quenching is significantly enhanced with increasing number of GO layers. [44] GO preparation using chemical exfoliation generates not only single but also multiple layers, [47,48] which were observed in the TEM micrographs in Figure 1C. For the long DNAs, fitting with a double exponential model can be justified only when the quenching by all of the multi-layered GO was significantly higher than that by the single-layered.…”

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confidence: 94%

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Huang

Liu

2012

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Graphene has attracted an immense amount of research interest due to its unique electrical, mechanical, optical, and surface properties. [1][2][3][4] In addition, with its superior fluorescence quenching and adsorption capacity, graphene has been increasingly used for making biosensors, [5][6][7][8] drug delivery vehicles, [9, 10] and imaging agents. [10,11] To disperse in an aqueous solution, graphene oxide (GO) with surface carboxyl and hydroxyl groups is often prepared.GO is also an excellent quencher for adsorbed fluorophores with quenching efficiency approaching 100%. [12][13][14] At the same time, GO selectively adsorbs non-structured and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), [15,16] which can subsequently desorb upon forming double-stranded (dsDNA) or well-folded structures. Based on these understandings, many optical sensors have been designed for the detection of metal ions, [12,17,18] small molecules, [11, 19, 20] [14, 21] [6, 13, 22-24] proteins, and nucleic acids. For example, adsorption of a fluorophorelabeled probe DNA resulted in quenched fluorescence. In the presence of its complementary DNA (cDNA), the fluorescence was recovered due to duplex formation and subsequent desorption. In this This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Huang, P.-J. J., & Liu, J. (2012 Submitted to -2 -process, the fluorophore-to-GO distance increased from zero to infinity to achieve the maximal fluorescence enhancement. In addition to GO, many other carbon based nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, [25][26][27][28][29] mesoporous carbon, [30] carbon nanoparticles [31,32] and water soluble nano-C60 [33] have also been tested for similar applications.On the other hand, little is known about DNA length-dependent fluorescence quenching within a few nanometers from the GO surface. Such information is important for rational design of covalently linked probes. Compared to physisorbed probes, covalent sensors are reversible, regenerable, less prone to non-specific probe displacement, and allow continuous monitoring under flow conditions. [34] In addition, studying distance-dependent fluorescence properties are crucial for the fundamental understanding of DNA/GO interaction and its quenching mechanism. Theoretical calculations predicted that quenching by graphene follows a d -4 dependency, where d is the fluorophore-to-graphene distance. [35,36] This is formally similar to the so-called nanosurface energy transfer (NSET) studied using gold nanoparticles as quencher. [37][38][39][40] Seo and co-workers recently measured the fluorescence intensity of Cy3.5 nearby GO separated by up to 18 base pairs (bp) of DNA, where immobilization was achieved via adsorption of a five-adenine overhang.[41]For a systematic study, we employed eight amino and 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) dual-labeled DNAs with varying FAM positions (see Figure 1D for the DNA sequences). TheDNAs were respectively reacted with GO in the presence of EDC to form covalent amide linkages ( Figure 1A, step 1), such that the FAM and GO were separated by...

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confidence: 94%

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Huang

Liu

2012

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“…Furthermore, transmittance and sheet resistance are inversely proportional to the number of graphene layers. More specifically, bi-layer, tri-layer and 4-layers graphene possess ~ 95%, ~ 92% and ~ 89% transmittance with corresponding sheet resistance of 1 KΩ/sq, ~700 Ω/sq and ~400 Ω/sq respectively as reported elsewhere 27 .…”

Section: Properties Of Graphenesupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Solar cells are one of the major components among them which are considered as potential future energy harvesting devices. In this regards, 27,30,31 . Large surface carrier concentration and catalytic activities of carbon nanomaterials (e.g.…”

Section: Dye Sensitized Solar Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several approaches have been made for replacing platinum counter electrode by graphite, carbon black, glassy carbon, carbon-nanotube, conducting polymers etc 27,33 .…”

Section: Motivation and Goalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the optical transparency is decreasing with increasing number of layers. For example, monolayer graphene exhibits ~97% optical transmittance 27 with ~2.2 KΩ/sq sheet resistance. Furthermore, transmittance and sheet resistance are inversely proportional to the number of graphene layers.…”

Section: Properties Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene

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Sudhagar

Kang

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Graphene is an important nanoscale material with unique electronic and optical properties. Due to its many potential applications, grapheme was the subject of a Nobel Prize in physics 2010; Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov of Manchester University received the Nobel Prize for demonstrating the ability to create single atom thick graphene layers from bulk graphite. Since then, many alternative synthesis techniques and device applications of graphene have been explored. An important and unique property of graphene is its excellent thermal properties.Graphene has a two dimensional structure and the thermal properties are significantly different than three dimensional bulk materials. Using graphene by itself or as a composite for thermal management presents new opportunities for its impact on numerous applications including green technologies for power generation. . Due to the strength of its 0.142 Nm-long carbon bonds, graphene is the strongest material ever discovered, with an ultimate tensile strength of 130,000,000,000 Pascals (or 130 gigapascals), compared to 400,000,000 for A36 structural steel. Not only is graphene extraordinarily strong, it is also very light at 0.77milligrams per square meter (for comparison purposes, 1 square meter of paper is roughly 1000 times heavier). It is often said that a single sheet of graphene (being only 1 atom thick), sufficient in size enough to cover a whole football field, would weigh under 1 single gram. These values are theoretical values. To test these values requires flawless graphene which currently is very hard to be commercially produced. (Graphanea, n.d.) Optical properties Graphene's ability to absorb a rather large 2.3% of white light is also a unique and interesting property, especially considering that it is only 1 atom thick. This is due to its aforementioned electronic properties; the electrons acting like massless charge carriers with very high mobility.( Graphanea, n.d.

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Electrocatalytic Activity of Graphene Multilayers toward I⁻/I₃⁻: Effect of Preparation Conditions and Polyelectrolyte Modification

Cited by 64 publications

References 34 publications

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

DNA‐Length‐Dependent Fluorescence Signaling on Graphene Oxide Surface

Carbon Nanostructure Based Electrodes for High Efficiency Dye Sensitize Solar Cell

Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene

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