Electrochemical fabrication and optical properties of porous tin oxide films with structural colors

Abstract

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Growth and complex characterization of nanoporous oxide layers on metallic tin during one-step anodic oxidation in oxalic acid at room temperature

“…These discontinuities are a direct consequence of the vigorous gas evolution, and the number of cracks increases significantly with increasing anodizing potential [21]. anodic tin oxide-based photonic crystal fabricated by a periodic anodization of Sn substrate [24].…”

“…This electrochemical procedure can be also applied for the synthesis of nanoporous oxide layers on the surface of metallic tin [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. A simple one step anodization carried out in acidic (e.g.…”

“…A simple one step anodization carried out in acidic (e.g. oxalic acid) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], alkaline (e.g. NaOH or NH 3 ) [25][26][27] or sulfide and fluoride-based electrolytes [28] can result in the formation of amorphous tin oxide layers with dense arrays of irregular, randomly distributed nanopores having diameters of < 100 nm.…”

Engineering Light at the Nanoscale: Structural Color Filters and Broadband Perfect Absorbers

“…Although various nanostructures described above were fabricated via top‐down nanofabrication techniques such as electron‐beam lithography, laser interference lithography, nanoimprinting lithography and focus ion beam technology, there have also been reports on achieving these schemes through bottom‐up nanofabrication approaches such as colloidal self‐assembly fabrication, metal dewetting method and electrochemistry technique . Such bottom‐up fabrication methods start from small building blocks such as atoms, molecules, nanoparticles and clusters, which can be assembled in a well‐arranged manner to build the nanostructures.…”

Formation of Nanoporous Tin Oxide Layers on Different Substrates during Anodic Oxidation in Oxalic Acid Electrolyte

“…Among them, anodic oxidation (anodization), proposed originally by Shin et al in 2004, seems to be a very interesting, simple, and cost-effective strategy for the fabrication of nanoporous tin oxide-based layers on the surface of metallic tin [13]. It is well known that anodic oxidation of tin in acidic (e.g., H 2 C 2 O 4 ) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], alkaline (e.g., NaOH [21,22], NH 3 [23]) solutions or sulfide and fluoride-based electrolytes [24,25] can result in the formation of nanoporous oxide layers, and in most cases, nanopores are randomly distributed across the surface. The morphology of nanoporous oxide is completely different from the structures observed in anodic alumina or titania [26,27].…”