Electrochemical studies of silver nanoparticles: a guide for experimentalists and a perspective

Tschulik, Kristina; Batchelor‐McAuley, Christopher; Toh, H S; Stuart, Emma J. E.; Compton, Richard G.

doi:10.1039/c3cp54221a

Cited by 59 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Past nano-impact experiments have been conducted mostly in high ionic media and yielded excellent agreement with conventional sizing techniques. [25] Recent work on the coulometric sizing of quasi-spherical NPs has used as upporting electrolyte concentration of 0.10 m and gave good agreement between SEM imaging and coulometric sizing. [19] Lower concentrations of the supporting electrolyte have also been successfully used to characterise smaller (30 nm diameter) Ag particles.…”

Section: Silver Np Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Nanoparticle Sizing Via Nano‐Impacts: How Large a Nanoparticle Can be Measured?

2015

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The field of nanoparticle (NP) sizing encompasses a wide array of techniques, with electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) having become the established methods for NP quantification; however, these techniques are not always applicable. A new and rapidly developing method that addresses the limitations of these techniques is the electrochemical detection of NPs in solution. The ‘nano-impacts’ technique is an excellent and qualitative in situ method for nanoparticle characterization. Two complementary studies on silver and silver bromide nanoparticles (NPs) were used to assess the large radius limit of the nano-impact method for NP sizing. Noting that by definition a NP cannot be larger than 100 nm in diameter, we have shown that the method quantitatively sizes at the largest limit, the lower limit having been previously reported as ∼6 nm.1

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Section: Silver Np Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Nanoparticle Sizing Via Nano‐Impacts: How Large a Nanoparticle Can be Measured?

2015

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“…In addition, care must be taken to minimize agglomeration/aggregation during nanoimpact experiments. Readers interested in experimental aspects of the electrochemistry of particles are directed to the work of Tschulik et al 39 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtomolar Detection of Silver Nanoparticles by Flow-Enhanced Direct-Impact Voltammetry at a Microelectrode Array

et al. 2016

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We report the femtomolar detection of silver (Ag) nanoparticles by direct-impact voltammetry. This is achieved through the use of a random array of microelectrodes (RAM) integrated into a purpose-built flow cell, allowing combined diffusion and convection to the electrode surface. A coupled RAM-flow cell system is implemented and is shown to give reproducible wall-jet type flow characteristics, using potassium ferrocyanide as a molecular redox species. The calibrated flow system is then used to detect and quantitatively size Ag nanoparticles at femtomolar concentrations. Under flow conditions, it is found the nanoparticle impact frequency increases linearly with the volumetric flow rate. The resulting limit of detection is more than 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the previous detection limit for direct-impact voltammetry (900 fM) [J. Ellison et al. Sens. Actuators, B2014, 200, 47], and is more than 30 times smaller than the previous detection limit for mediated-impact voltammetry (83 fM) [T. M. Alligrant et al. Langmuir2014, 30, 13462].

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“…Understanding the interactions between engineered nano‐objects and interfaces is of particular interest. A few studies reported on detection and analysis of NPs based on their concentration, size, and agglomeration state . Recently, we published a new concept based on nanoparticle‐imprinted matrices (NAIMs) combined with electrochemical detection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle‐Imprinted Matrices as Sensing Layers for Size‐Selective Recognition of Silver Nanoparticles

2016

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This study extends the concept of nanoparticle‐imprinted matrices (NAIMs) to systems in which template nanoparticles (NPs) are immobilized on a conducting surface and a polymer matrix is built around them before the release of the template NPs. Specifically, citrate‐stabilized AuNPs, 40 nm in diameter, were bound to a 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)‐modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode at pH 5. Subsequently, a polymer matrix was generated by electropolymerization of a self‐inhibiting poly(phenol) (PPh) layer. The template AuNPs were removed either by electro‐oxidation of the Au core during linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in Cl−‐containing aqueous solution or by chemical oxidation in aqueous KCN solution. After template removal, remaining nanocavities were found to be size‐selective in the competitive reuptake of analyte NPs, as demonstrated by the preference for citrate‐stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with 20 nm diameter over AuNPs with 50 nm diameter. The remaining nanocavities and their size‐recognition ability were examined by scanning electron microscopy and LSV. Complementing studies by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning force microscopy corroborated the template embedding, template release, and analyte NP uptake.

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Electrochemical studies of silver nanoparticles: a guide for experimentalists and a perspective

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

Electrochemical Nanoparticle Sizing Via Nano‐Impacts: How Large a Nanoparticle Can be Measured?

Electrochemical Nanoparticle Sizing Via Nano‐Impacts: How Large a Nanoparticle Can be Measured?

Femtomolar Detection of Silver Nanoparticles by Flow-Enhanced Direct-Impact Voltammetry at a Microelectrode Array

Nanoparticle‐Imprinted Matrices as Sensing Layers for Size‐Selective Recognition of Silver Nanoparticles

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