Electrochemical study and simultaneous voltammetric determination of contraceptives ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate using silver nanoparticles solid amalgam electrode and cationic surfactant

Reduced Graphene Oxide‐based Sensor for 17α‐Ehinylestradiol Voltammetric Determination in Wastewater, Tablets and Synthetic Urine Samples

“…These processes result in fewer π bonds between the carbons, and consequently, in the number decrease of carbons with sp 2 hybridization. This entails a greater band gap, generating characteristics of an electronic insulator, which can cause wide absorption on emission bands, resulting in lower band intensities [23,27,28]. The result obtained by UV-Vis absorption analysis of GO may be due to the π-π* transitions of aromatic carbon C=C bonds.…”

“…This study corroborates with the results obtained in the FTIR analyzes, referring to the higher intensities of the sp 2 carbon bands. The rGO presented a more intense band, which configures more electronic transitions of sp 2 carbons [23,27,28].…”

“…The rGO is a semiconductor and its electrical conductivity can be adjusted by varying sp 2 carbons and oxygenated groups in its composition. Such properties allow more effective electrostatic interactions with electroactive species, when compared to GO [27,28]. Considering the physicochemical characteristics of rGO, its properties were explored in this work through the development of electrodes based on modified carbon paste for the detection of EE2 in tablets, wastewater and synthetic urine samples.…”

Voltammetric Detection of Ethinylestradiol in Water and Synthetic Urine Samples using a Ni(II) Phthalocyanine/Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Electrode

“…Au/Fe 3 O 4 @TA/MWNT/GCE [15] DPV 3.3 × 10 À 9 1.0 × 10 À 8 to 1.2 × 10 À 4 GCE/rGO/RuO 2 [16] DPV 2.0 × 10 À 9 5.5 × 10 À 8 to 1.2 × 10 À 6 HMDE [32] SW-AdSV 4.95 × 10 À 8 4.95 × 10 À 8 to 4.9 × 10 À 7 MWCNTs/GCE/MPs/anti-EE2 [33] SWV 3.4 × 10 À 14 1.2 × 10 À 13 to 2.4 × 10 À 10 CPB/CPE [34] LSV 3.0 × 10 À 8 5 × 10 À 8 to 2 × 10 À 5 BDD [35] SWV 2.4 × 10 À 7 7.9 × 10 À 7 to 5.2 × 10 À 6 AgNP-SAE-CTAB [36] SCV 1.03 × 10 À 7 6.4 × 10 À 7 to 7.8 × 10 À 6 GCE/MWCNT/CoPc [37]; 2.2 h SWV 2.2 × 10 À 6 2.5 × 10 À 6 to 9 × 10 À 5…”

A molybdenum disulfide-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as an electrochemical sensing platform for detecting cyproterone acetate

“…However, electrochemical sensing towards CPA suffers from low sensitivity at bare electrodes because of its sluggish direct electron transfer. 14 To improve the detection sensitivity, some nanomaterials for chemically modified electrodes (CME), such as gold nanoparticles/MWCNT, 14 silver nanoparticles 15 and nanoacetylene black 16 have been employed to test CPA. Despite the progress made, there is still a need to propose new nanomaterials as a platform and develop a simple, sensitive, rapid and reliable electrochemical method for the detection of CPA.…”