Electrochemical surface modification of titanium in dentistry

Kim, Kyo-Han; Narayanan, R.

doi:10.4012/dmj.28.20

Cited by 156 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…5,6 Additionally, differences in porosity allow for potential drug incorporation and release around titanium implants. 7,8 However, to improve biological stability, changes in the unique surface characteristics should be minimal during self-tapping or self-drilling insertion through cortical bone, during which the miniscrew is exposed to friction and heat. For example, shiny spots appear at the sandblasted large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface when damaged during the handling or packaging process, or when removed from the sterile ampule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface changes of anodic oxidized orthodontic titanium miniscrew

Choi

Yul

Joo³

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To evaluate the structural stability of anodic oxidation treatment of miniscrews during a self-drilling procedure and an initial loading period. Materials and Methods: Eight orthodontic miniscrews with a machined surface and an anodic oxidized surface were placed in the mandible of two beagle dogs. With all miniscrews, an orthodontic force was applied immediately after placement and was continued for 12 weeks. After beagle dogs were sacrificed, the miniscrews were carefully removed from decalcified bone fragments. Miniscrews were evaluated by comparing and quantitatively analyzing changes in surface roughness of unused and used miniscrews (machined surface vs anodic oxidized surface) utilizing both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results: SEM revealed that only a thread edge close to the tip of the used anodic oxidized miniscrew became smooth by smearing, compared with the unused anodic oxidized miniscrew. No definite changes were observed in the thread valleys of the two groups after placement. AFM measurements demonstrated that all surface roughness parameters of thread edges of the used anodic oxidized miniscrews were significantly reduced compared with the unused anodic oxidized miniscrew (P , .05). A middle thread edge of the used anodic miniscrew surface was rougher than the unused and used machined surface miniscrews (P , .05). Conclusion: Anodic oxidized miniscrews had improved surface characteristics compared with machined surface miniscrews, even if the surface texture was changed by the self-drilling procedure and during the initial loading period. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:522-528.)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface changes of anodic oxidized orthodontic titanium miniscrew

Choi

Yul

Joo³

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…[13][14][15] Numerous attempts to improve osteointegration of Ti implants have been attempted with varying degrees of success. 16,17 Recent attention has been focused on the immobilization of small bioactive molecules on the implant surface. 18,19 For example, RGD (Arg-GlyAsp), another cell attachement peptide which binds the integrin receptor, has been reported to promote osteoblast attachment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent attachment of P15 peptide to titanium surfaces enhances cell attachment, spreading, and osteogenic gene expression

Liu

Limthongkul

Sidhu

et al. 2012

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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P15, a synthetic 15 amino acid peptide, mimics the cell-binding domain within the alpha-1 chain of human collagen is being tested in clinical trials to determine if it enhances bone formation in spinal fusions. We hypothesize that covalent attachment of P15 to titanium implants may also serve to promote osseointegration. To test this hypothesis, we measured osteoblast and mesenchymal cell adhesion, proliferation, and maturation on P15 tethered to a titanium (Ti-P15) surface. P15 peptide was covalently bonded to titanium alloy surfaces and incubated with osteoblast like cells. Cell toxicity, adhesion, spreading, and differentiation was then evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot analysis, and fluorescent immunohistochemistry was performed to measure osteoblast gene expression and differentiation. There was no evidence of toxicity. Significant increases in early cell attachment, spreading, and proliferation were observed on the Ti-P15 surface. Increased filapodial attachments, a 2 integrin expression, and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase immunostaining indicated activation of integrin signaling pathways. qRT-PCR analysis indicated there was significant increase in osteogenic differentiation markers in cells grown on Ti-P15 compared to control-Ti. Western blotting confirmed these findings. Surface modification of titanium with P15 significantly increased cell attachment, spreading, osteogenic gene expression, and differentiation. Results of this study suggest that Ti-P15 has the potential to safely enhance bone formation and promote osseointegration of titanium implants. ß

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“…On the other hand, Kim and Ramaswamy [27] observed the appearance of microcracks in the oxides with the increase of the electrolyte concentration. However, in the present research, the most significant changes in morphology were observed with the increase of the voltage with each concentration of H2SO4 used, but not with the increase of the concentration independent of the voltage.…”

Section: Color Of the Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Electrolyte Concentration on the Smooth TiO2 Anodic Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V

Vera¹,

Colaccio²,

Rosenberger³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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To obtain smooth TiO2 coatings for building a new design of Ti-6Al-4V heart valve, the anodic oxidation technique in pre-spark conditions was evaluated. TiO2 coating is necessary for its recognized biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. A required feature on surfaces in contact with blood is a low level of roughness (Ra ≤ 50 nm) that does not favor the formation of blood clots. The present paper compares the coatings obtained by anodic oxidation of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy using H2SO4 at different concentrations (0.1-4 M) as electrolyte and applying different voltages (from 20 to 70 V). Color and morphological analysis of coatings are performed using optical and scanning microscopy. The crystalline phases were analyzed by glancing X-ray diffraction. By varying the applied voltage, different interference colors coatings were obtained. The differences in morphologies of the coatings caused by changes in concentration are more evident at high voltages, limiting the oxidation conditions for the desired application. Anatase phase was detected from 70 V for 1 M H2SO4. An increase in the concentration of H2SO4 decreases the voltage at which the transformation of amorphous to crystalline coatings occurs; i.e., with 4 M H2SO4, the anatase phase appears at 60 V.

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Electrochemical surface modification of titanium in dentistry

Cited by 156 publications

References 71 publications

Surface changes of anodic oxidized orthodontic titanium miniscrew

Surface changes of anodic oxidized orthodontic titanium miniscrew

Covalent attachment of P15 peptide to titanium surfaces enhances cell attachment, spreading, and osteogenic gene expression

Influence of the Electrolyte Concentration on the Smooth TiO2 Anodic Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V

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