Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensors Based on ECL-RET Triggering between Mn SANE/PEI-Luminol and PtCu/h-MPF for Ultrasensitive Detection of CEA

Abstract

In this paper, a novel donor–acceptor pair was creatively proposed based on the principle of electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET): luminol immobilized on polyethyleneimine (PEI)-functionalized manganese-based single-atom nanozymes (Mn SANE/PEI-luminol, donor) and a PtCu-grafted hollow metal polydopamine framework (PtCu/h-MPF, acceptor). A quenched ECL immunosensor was constructed for the ultrasensitive analysis of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Mn SANE, as an efficient novel coreaction accelerator with the outstanding performance of significantly activating H2O2 to produce large amounts of ROS, was further modified by the coreactant PEI, which efficiently immobilized luminol to form a self-enhanced emitter. As a result, the electron transport distance was effectively shortened, the energy loss was reduced, and luminol achieved a high ECL efficiency. More importantly, PtCu-grafted h-MPF (PtCu/h-MPF) was proposed as a novel quencher. The UV–vis spectra of PtCu/h-MPF partially overlap with the ECL spectra of Mn SANE/PEI-luminol, which can effectively trigger the ECL-RET behavior between the donor and the acceptor. The multiple quenching effect on Mn SANE/PEI-luminol was achieved, which significantly improved the sensitivity of the immunosensor. The prepared immunosensor exhibited good linearity in the concentration range of 10–5 to 80 ng/mL. The results indicate that this work provides a new method for the early detection of CEA in clinical diagnosis.

Cation Exchange Reaction-Mediated Photothermal and Polarity-Switchable Photoelectrochemical Dual-Readout Biosensor

“…Accordingly, designing a biosensor for sensitively measuring CEA in human serum is of great clinical value for the diagnosis and monitoring of related malignant tumors. 30 To realize the accurate detection of CEA, we exploited a novel bioassay based on CE between ZnIn 2 S 4 and Cu 2+ with photothermal and polarity-switchable PEC dual-signals obtained from portable devices (Scheme 1). Accompanying the specific antigen−antibody reaction, the dual-functional CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) served as dual-signal response probes and were introduced into the reaction cell.…”

“…As a broad-spectrum tumor marker, overexpression of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) would be related to some malignancies. Accordingly, designing a biosensor for sensitively measuring CEA in human serum is of great clinical value for the diagnosis and monitoring of related malignant tumors . To realize the accurate detection of CEA, we exploited a novel bioassay based on CE between ZnIn 2 S 4 and Cu 2+ with photothermal and polarity-switchable PEC dual-signals obtained from portable devices (Scheme ).…”

Surface Oxygen Vacancy-Rich Co3O4 Nanowires as an Effective Catalyst of Luminol–H2O2 Chemiluminescence for Sensitive Immunoassay

“…A good linear relationship was obtained in the CEA concentration range of 1–10 ng/mL, and the limit of detection was calculated to be 0.3 ng/mL (3σ). Serum CEA levels are below 5 ng/mL in healthy individuals, while high CEA concentrations (above 20 ng/mL) are associated with a high risk of cancer . This immunoassay could meet the requirement of clinical CEA detection.…”

“…The Vo-Co 3 O 4 @PDA/Ab 2 probes were applied to fabricate the sandwich-type CL immunoassay (Scheme B). CEA is a broad-spectrum tumor marker . In this work, CEA was taken as a model target to study the assay performance of this CL immunoassay method.…”

“…CEA is a broad-spectrum tumor marker. 48 In this work, CEA was taken as a model target to study the assay performance of this CL immunoassay method. Under the optimized experimental conditions, various concentrations of CEA solution were added into the system, and the CL intensity was measured.…”