Electrochromic properties of amorphous and crystalline WO3 thin films prepared by thermal evaporation technique

El-Nahass, M.M.; Saadeldin, M.M.; Ali, H.A.M.; Zaghllol, M.

doi:10.1016/j.mssp.2014.02.051

Cited by 58 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There are many methods for synthesizing of WO 3 such as chemical vapor deposition (Vernardou et al, 2012;, thermal evaporation (El-Nahass, Saadeldin, Ali, & Zaghllol, 2015;Usta, Kahraman, Bayansal, & Çetinkara, 2012), hydrothermal method (Kondalkar et al, 2014;Zheng, Zhang, & Guo, 2013), template assisted growth (Luévano-Hipólito, Martínez-de la Cruz, Yu, & Brouwers, 2014; J. and etc. To achieve WO 3 with different morphologies, there are some parameters for each methods.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Womentioning

confidence: 99%

The Review of Semiconductor Gas Sensor for Nox Detcting

Niyat¹,

Hadi²,

Abadi³

2016

TOJDAC

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During the last century, many semiconductor gas sensors have been presented based on various materials and technologies to detect gas components. Many of them are made to support human's life in different ways. In the last years, the number of sensors which can detect various gas species has increased dramatically especially with respect to global issues of environment and earth atmosphere, the necessity of those gas sensors which can detect air pollutants such as NO x gases in environment is felt. They are essentially required in order to control the systems of combustion exhausted from industry, stationary facilities and automobiles. So it is necessary for the scientists to design and fabricate the gas sensors which are of low cost, selective, sensitive, and accurate especially in low level concentrations of target gases, easy to process and of high recovery and response time, good electrical properties, and above all tunable structure at the nano scale. In this sense, this paper has presented various classifications of gas sensors and various semiconductor oxides for NO x detecting and their technology to convey a comprehensive idea about the semiconductor metals as well as metal oxides for NO x detecting along with their characteristics, structures etc. in order to clarify the future road map towards on the semiconductor materials for NO x detecting. Keywords: sensor, NO x gases, semiconductor, metal oxides INTRODUCTIONIn the last few decades, many studies have been focused on the semiconducting metal oxides which are known as effective gas sensing materials especially for NO x detecting due to their electrical conductivities which are open to change greatly with the changes of atmosphere (K. J. Choi & Jang, 2010;Comini et al., 2009;Fine, Cavanagh, Afonja, & Binions, 2010;Franke, Koplin, & Simon, 2006; Kanan, El-Kadri, Abu-Yousef, & Kanan, 2009; G Korotcenkov & Cho, 2011;J.-H. Lee, 2009;Tricoli, Righettoni, & Teleki, 2010;Wetchakun et al., 2011). The sensing characteristics of such sensors can be optimized by controlling their morphology, surface to volume ratio, and electrical properties. The developments in nanotechnology, fabrication methods, and synthesis provide a suitable atmosphere to construct those sensors with their mentioned sensing characteristics easier.

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Section: Synthesis Of Womentioning

confidence: 99%

The Review of Semiconductor Gas Sensor for Nox Detcting

Niyat¹,

Hadi²,

Abadi³

2016

TOJDAC

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“…Numerous methods have been being carried out to prepare electrochromic WO 3 electronic devices, and different approaches have been being employed to boost the efficiency of devices to prepare practical, commercial, and friendly enviroment devices. Various methods such as the hydrothermal method, 25,26 chemical vapor deposition, 27,28 thermal evaporation, 29,30 sputtering, 31,32 sol-gel method, 33,34 and electrochemical deposition 35,36 have been used to prepare electrochromic tungsten oxide films and the electrochromic performance of tungsten oxide films with different morphologies such as amorphous films, 37,38 crystalline films, 39 nanoparticle films, 40,41 nanowire films, 42 or nanorod films. 43,44 However, these methods present several disadvantages such as the use of expensive equipment, toxic environment, or complicated processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly stable electrochromic cells based on amorphous tungsten oxides prepared using a solution‐annealing process

Nguyen

Huynh

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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In this work, a facile sol-gel and annealing technique was employed to prepare amorphous electrochromic tungsten oxide thin films at a relatively low temperature. Specifically, ammonium metatungstate hydrate was blended in dimethylformamide and was used as the precursor for obtaining highly uniform and transparent amorphous WO x by simple spin-coating and calcining in ambient air at 250 C for 2 hours. The film exhibits an unprecedented stability over 4000 operational cycles with a high coloration efficiency of 125 cm 2 C −1 and fast switching times of 5 seconds for the colored state and 2.5 seconds for the bleaching state. Therefore, the prepared amorphous tungsten oxide film is a prominent material for the next generation of electrochromic devices that can be used in smart windows and electronic display devices.

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“…Many applications have been developed based on these unique properties. The properties have been applied in such things as electrochromic 80 devices, polymeric batteries, photovoltaic cells, energy storage, optoelectronics, rearview mirrors for cars and vehicles, and display devices [9][10][11]. Among metal oxides, tungsten trioxide (WO3) is a feasible electrochromic material that can be of benefit in practical applications due to its rather highly optical reversible color change induced by an electrochemical process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and Fabrication of Electrochromic Windows Using Tungsten Oxide Films Prepared Through Sol-gel Coating on a Glass

daroogheh

Karimi

Ghorashi

2019

IJOP

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In this study, a sol-gel peroxotungstic acid sol was employed to deposit tungsten oxide (WO3) films by the spin-coating technique. In view of smart window applications, electrochromic windows were then designed and fabricated using a thin tungsten oxide film. For this purpose, Glass/ FTO/ WO3/ electrolyte/ FTO/Glass could be of use due to its special structure that consists of an electrochromic layer (WO3) on a transparent conductor (FTO), an electrolyte containing Li + cations, and a transparent conductor layer. A voltage was applied on the fabricated sample, which was later assesed for its transmission, switching speed, and coloration efficiency. An increase in the coloration efficiency from 87 cm 2 /C -1 to 99.1 cm 2 /C -1 was found associated with an increase in the deposition speed. Moreover, the increase in the deposition speed led to a decrease in the coloration and bleaching time duration from 11.4 s to 6.2 s and from 12.8 s to 5.2 s respectively. The results obtained on the thin film WO3 can be useful for electrochromic applications.

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Electrochromic properties of amorphous and crystalline WO3 thin films prepared by thermal evaporation technique

Cited by 58 publications

References 21 publications

The Review of Semiconductor Gas Sensor for Nox Detcting

The Review of Semiconductor Gas Sensor for Nox Detcting

Highly stable electrochromic cells based on amorphous tungsten oxides prepared using a solution‐annealing process

Designing and Fabrication of Electrochromic Windows Using Tungsten Oxide Films Prepared Through Sol-gel Coating on a Glass

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