Electrocochleography and Cochlear Implantation: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective: Given the heterogeneity of papers about electrocochleography (ECochG) and cochlear implantation (CI) and the absence of a systematic review in the current literature, the aim of this work was to analyze the uses of ECochG in the different stages of CI. Data Sources: A search of PubMed from inception to December 8, 2019, with cross-references, was executed. Keywords were: “Cochlear Implant” OR “Cochlear Implantation” AND “Electrocochleography” OR “ECochG.” The main eligibility criteria were English-language articles, investigating the use of ECochG in the different phases of CI. Study Selection: Literature reviews, editorials, case reports, conference papers were excluded, as were papers in which ECochG was just sporadically executed. Data Extraction: The quality of the included studies was assessed using “The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology” (STROBE) Statement. Data Synthesis: A total of 95 articles were identified and 60 papers were included. The included articles covered a timeframe from 2003 to 2019. Of the 60 papers, 46 were human studies, 12 animal studies, and two involved more data sets. Eleven related to the diagnostic phase, 43 described intraoperative monitoring, and 10 were regarding follow-up testing. Hearing preservation was the most discussed topic with 25 included articles. Conclusions and Relevance: ECochG measurements appeared to be useful in many aspects of CI, such as hearing preservation. Our review is the first that shows the evolution of the technique and how much has been achieved from the earliest experiments to the most recent signal process refinements and device implementation in CI.

Electrocochleographic Patterns Predicting Increased Impedances and Hearing Loss after Cochlear Implantation

“…To further improve hearing preservation rates, a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to loss of residual hearing in CI recipients is deemed necessary. Previous studies have shown that intracochlear electrocochleography (ECochG) is a promising method to gather information about the status of cochlear structures during and after cochlear implantation (Trecca et al 2020). It has been used to monitor cochlear trauma during cochlear implantation (Giardina et al 2019; O’Leary et al 2020; Weder et al 2020; Bester et al 2021; Sijgers et al 2021; Weder et al 2021) and enhance the understanding of postoperative changes within the cochlea (Dalbert et al 2015; Bester et al 2017; Campbell et al 2017; Hoesli et al 2018; Bester et al 2020b).…”

Challenges of Cochlear Implantation in Intralabyrinthine Schwannoma Patients: Surgical Procedures and Auditory Outcome

“…Another exciting technique enabling intraoperative monitoring is electrocochleography. It provides additional information about cochlear and neural dysfunctions [39] and could help preserve residual hearing [40,41].…”

A Rare Case of Perrault Syndrome with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: Cochlear Implantation Treatment and Literature Review

“…ANSD can also be assessed by electrocochleography showing an absent or abnormal compound action potential, even at high stimulations, and the presence of a robust cochlear microphonic. A detailed diagnosis of the site-of-lesion is also fundamental for the prediction of CI outcomes, which are generally worse in neuropathic patients [ 28 ].…”