Electroconvulsive shock-induced retrograde amnesia: An analysis of the variation in the length of the amnesia gradient

Mah, C.J.; Albert, D.J.

doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(73)80048-3

Cited by 51 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…With a higher intensity (8 mA), amnesia was produced even if the treatments were administered at an interval of 1 hour following training (Gold et al y 1973a). Even longer gradients of retrograde amnesia can be produced with ECS by varying the intensity and duration of the treatment and by administering several treatments after the training (Mah and Albert, 1973). These findings are comparable to those of studies of the effects of the convulsant drug, flurothyl, on memory in chicks.…”

Section: Complex Learning and Memorysupporting

confidence: 71%

Complex Learning and Memory

Cotman

McGaugh

1980

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Section: Complex Learning and Memorysupporting

confidence: 71%

Complex Learning and Memory

Cotman

McGaugh

1980

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…Babington and Wedeking (1975) have reported inhibition by ECS of tardive amygdala seizures, but since no ADS were recorded, it was uncertain whether ECS effects occurred because of interference with AD generation (Racine, 1972~1,h). ECS was also given immediately after amygdala stimulation in an attempt to interfere with the kindling process, since electroconvulsive therapy has been reported to produce retrograde amnesia for some learned behaviors and memory (Chorover and Schiller, 1965;King andGlasser, 1970: Mah andAlbert, 1973;Squire et al, 1975) and to reverse processes underlying hippocampal long-term potentiation (Hesse and Teyler, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroconvulsive Seizures Inhibit Amygdala Kindling: Implications for Mechanisms of Action in Affective Illness

et al. 1984

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Amygdala kindling, the progressive development of seizures following repeated electrical stimulation, has been used as a model of epileptogenesis, neural memory, and the development of behavioral alterations. In an attempt to interfere with the kindling process, electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) were administered 6 h prior to or immediately after once-daily amygdala stimulation. ECS compared with sham ECS 6 h prior to kindling profoundly inhibited the development of amygdala-kindled seizures, while ECS immediately after the afterdischarge (AD) were not effective. In a second study, seven daily ECS, but not a single ECS followed by a 6-day delay, markedly suppressed established amygdala-kindled seizures compared with sham ECS controls. The generalized seizures of ECS thus appear to be paradoxically anticonvulsant to limbic seizures. Carbamazepine, a potent anticonvulsant for temporal lobe and limbic seizures in animals and man, inhibits amygdala-kindled seizures and is effective in the treatment of manic-depressive illness. The current findings suggest the possibility that the efficacy of ECS in affective illness may be, in part, related to its limbic antikindling and anticonvulsant effects.

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“…At first glance , this finding would seem to argue strongly that memory-retrieval processes rather than memory-storage processes have been disrupted by ECS. However, several aspects of the reminder data have led some to persist with the notion that ECS disrupts memory storage (Cherkin, 1972;Gold, Haycock, Macri, & McGaugh, 1973;Haycock, Gold, Macri, & McGaugh, 1973;Mah & Albert, 1973). First, ECS seldom results in a complete retention deficit when compared to appropriate controls (e.g., Koppenaal et aI, 1967;Pagano, Bush, Martin, & Hunt, 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of memory after reminder: Evidence for two forms of retrieval deficit induced by ECS

DeVietti¹,

Bucy²

1975

Psychobiology

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Using a one-trial fear-conditioning paradigm and ECS, three experiments contrasted the generalization hypothesis with the dissociation/retrieval failure hypothesis in predicting the outcome of reminder treatment given to ECS subjects evidencing different degrees of amnesia at the time of treatment. Experiment I showed a small but reliable increase in retention when reminder was administered to ECS subjects showing strong amnesia. Experiment II showed virtually no effect of reminder when administered to ECS subjects showing partial amnesia. Experiment III provided evidence that the small amount of memory recovery obtained in Experiment I resulted from an interaction between memorial and confounding variables. With confounding variables controlled, reminder induced a very substantial recovery of memory in ECS subjects. These results are contrary to the generalization hypothesis but are consistent with the dissociation/retrieval failure hypothesis that ECS results in two forms of memory retrieval deficit which interact, under some conditions, to determine the degree of retention observed following reminder.

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Electroconvulsive shock-induced retrograde amnesia: An analysis of the variation in the length of the amnesia gradient

Cited by 51 publications

References 98 publications

Complex Learning and Memory

Complex Learning and Memory

Electroconvulsive Seizures Inhibit Amygdala Kindling: Implications for Mechanisms of Action in Affective Illness

Recovery of memory after reminder: Evidence for two forms of retrieval deficit induced by ECS

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