Electrode and filler materials for surfacing and welding of cast tin bronzes (Review)

Abstract

Tin bronzes find wide application in machine-building, metallurgy and other branches of industry. They are used for manufacture of parts operating under conditions of increased wear resistance by casting method. Welding and surfacing processes are used for production, as well as elimination of pouring spoilage and repair of parts from tin bronzes. This review gives an analysis of existing developments in area of current technological processes of welding and surfacing of tin bronzes, as well as new electrode and filler materials for these purposes. The main difficulties were considered appearing during application of welding processes, namely high porosity susceptibility (copper alloys are more susceptible), formation of solidification cracks in welds and HAZ, tin liquation, that results in structure inhomogeneity, as well as high susceptibility to hot crack formation in deposited bronze metal or steel during bronze on steel surfacing. Described are the methods of welding and surfacing of cast tin bronzes, among which argon-arc welding, submerged-arc welding and manual coated-electrode arc welding are the most widespread. It is shown that wires and strips from wrought alloys used as electrode and filler materials do not provide the necessary chemical composition of the deposited metal. Development of special flux-cored wires and coated electrodes, providing optimized metal alloying and receiving of necessary properties, is preferable. For example, welding consumables, chemical composition and properties of which would correspond to the base metal, are necessary for welding and surfacing of cast tin bronzes (BrO10F1, BrO5Ts5S5). A conclusion was made based on performed analysis about necessity of development of new consumables (coated electrodes, flux-cored wires) for welding and surfacing of bronzes of critical designation. 40 Ref., 4 Tables. 1 Figure. K e y w o r d s : tin bronzes, electrode materials, methods of welding and surfacing, metallurgical peculiarities