Electrohydrodynamic jet 3D-printed PCL/PAA conductive scaffolds with tunable biodegradability as nerve guide conduits (NGCs) for peripheral nerve injury repair

Vijayavenkataraman, Sanjairaj; Thaharah, Siti; Zhang, Shuo; Lu, Wen Feng; Fuh, Jerry Ying Hsi

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2018.11.044

Cited by 94 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Though there are previous reports on electrospinning of conductive nanofibrous scaffolds (Prabhakaran et al, 2011; Sharma et al, 2012), they suffer from 2-fold limitation namely non-biodegradability and inability to control the scaffold morphology precisely. In this study, biodegradable PCL/PPy composites EHD-jetted into 3D porous NGCs (Vijayavenkataraman et al, 2019a,b). The effect of PPy-b-PCL concentration (0.5, 1, and 2%) on the mechanical properties of the NGCs are studied, with pure PCL scaffolds as the control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Vijayavenkataraman

Kannan

Cao

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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124

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Conductivity is a desirable property of an ideal nerve guide conduit (NGC) that is being considered for peripheral nerve regeneration. Most of the conductive polymers reported in use for fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds such as polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline, polythiophene, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) are non-biodegradable and possess weak mechanical properties to be fabricated into 3D structures. In this study, a biodegradable and conductive block copolymer of PPy and Polycaprolactone (PPy-b-PCL) was used to fabricate 3D porous NGCs using a novel electrohydrodynamic jet 3D printing process which offers superior control over fiber diameter, pore size, porosity, and fiber alignment. PCL/PPy scaffolds with three different concentrations of PPy-b-PCL (0.5, 1, and 2% v/v) were fabricated as a mesh (pore size 125 ± 15 μm) and the effect of incorporation of PPy-b-PCL on mechanical properties, biodegradability, and conductivity of the NGCs were studied. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds decreased with the addition of PPy-b-PCL which aided the ability to fabricate softer scaffolds that are closer to the properties of the native human peripheral nerve. With increasing concentrations of PPy-b-PCL, the scaffolds displayed a marked increase in conductivity (ranging from 0.28 to 1.15 mS/cm depending on concentration of PPy). Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest stem cells (hESC-NCSCs) were used to investigate the impact of PPy-b-PCL based conductive scaffolds on the growth and differentiation to peripheral neuronal cells. The hESC-NCSCs were able to attach and differentiate to peripheral neurons on PCL and PCL/PPy scaffolds, in particular the PCL/PPy (1% v/v) scaffolds supported higher growth of neural cells and a stronger maturation of hESC-NCSCs to peripheral neuronal cells. Overall, these results suggest that PPy-based conductive scaffolds have potential clinical value as cell-free or cell-laden NGCs for peripheral neuronal regeneration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Vijayavenkataraman

Kannan

Cao

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

Self Cite

124

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“…Regarding the patterning of bioresorbable polymer-based conductive composites, polycaprolactone/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is a potential option that can be fabricated by a 3D printing process, and there is a direct relationship between the percentage of PAA and composite conductivity. [99] In another investigation, silk fibroin/polypyrrole composite was used as a cathode in a bioresorbable biobattery. [100] Single wall or multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are also conductive materials, which are used in the field of biomedical applications such as therapeutic and diagnostic applications.…”

Section: Conductormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bioresorbable Implantable Medical Devices: Materials, Fabrication, and Implementation

Singh

Bathaei

Istif

et al. 2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are designed to sense specific parameters or stimulate organs and have been actively used for treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. IMDs are used for long‐term disease screening or treatments and cannot be considered for short‐term applications since patients need to go through a surgery for retrieval of the IMD. Advances in bioresorbable materials has led to the development of transient IMDs that can be resorbed by bodily fluids and disappear after a certain period. These devices are designed to be implanted in the adjacent of the targeted tissue for predetermined times with the aim of measurement of pressure, strain, or temperature, while the bioelectronic devices stimulate certain tissues. They enable opportunities for monitoring and treatment of acute diseases. To realize such transient and miniaturized devices, researchers utilize a variety of materials, novel fabrication methods, and device design strategies. This review discusses potential bioresorbable materials for each component in an IMD followed by programmable degradation and safety standards. Then, common fabrication methods for bioresorbable materials are introduced, along with challenges. The final section provides representative examples of bioresorbable IMDs for various applications with an emphasis on materials, device functionality, and fabrication methods.

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“…In case of biomaterials, the intrinsic factors of the materials (biostability, biocompatibility, and rheology) could become obstacles when considering such advanced engineering methods for polymer processing and high temperature employed. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing become a viable high resolution printing approach, in which the ink is subjected to electrostatic eld to form a Taylorcone and produce a ne jet or ber from it [15][16][17]. EHD printing provides greater control on ber formation (in situ) and deposition by shortening the working distance and optimizing high voltage application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered 3D Printing by Tethered Pyro-Electrospinning

Coppola

Nasti

Vespini

et al. 2020

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Nowadays it is easy to imagine that the exploitation of different additive manufacturing approaches could find use in regenerative medicine and frontiers nanotechnology with a strong interest in the development of in vivo bio-incubators that better replicate the tissue environment. Various electrospinning technologies have been exploited for the fabrication of composite polymeric architectures, where fibers have been used for the construction layer by layer of micro-architectures. Unfortunately, in case of processing biomaterials, the intrinsic factors of the materials could become obstacles when considering such advanced engineering methods. Here, for the first time, we use the pyro-EHD process for the fabrication of layered three-dimensional architectures made using a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. The proposed approach for layered 3D printing works at mild temperature allowing deposition at high resolution and great flexibility in manufacturing, avoiding high voltage generators, and nozzles. The layered 3D printing, activated by the pyro-electric effect, is discussed and characterized in terms of geometrical features and processing parameters. Different geometries and micro-architecture (wall, square, triangle, and hybrid structures) have been demonstrated and over printing of composite polymer, obtained by mixing multiwall carbon nanotubes and fluorochrome, has been discussed, focusing on the use of a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer.

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Electrohydrodynamic jet 3D-printed PCL/PAA conductive scaffolds with tunable biodegradability as nerve guide conduits (NGCs) for peripheral nerve injury repair

Cited by 94 publications

References 39 publications

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

A Review of Bioresorbable Implantable Medical Devices: Materials, Fabrication, and Implementation

Layered 3D Printing by Tethered Pyro-Electrospinning

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