Electrokinetic Soil Remediation: An Overview

Hansen, Henrik K.; Ottosen, Lisbeth M.; Ribeiro, Alexandra B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20179-5_1

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For non-nuclear this extends to TRL 6 -9+, as electrokinetics are widely applied for construction and mining applications. 146 There are significant practical issues limiting the wider scale applicability of EKF and EKR-ISCO for nuclear sites (for EKR-ISCO, organic pollutants in non-nuclear applications are most applicable), although combining EKR with other approaches (e.g. electro-grouting or EKR-Nano) is an expanding research area with growing future scope to address on-site contamination, sustainably.…”

Section: Trl Of Ekr For Nuclear Site Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the application of electrokinetic remediation for nuclear site decommissioning

Purkis

Warwick

Graham

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Trl Of Ekr For Nuclear Site Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the application of electrokinetic remediation for nuclear site decommissioning

Purkis

Warwick

Graham

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…One possible way to collect the nitrates in the soil would be via electrokinetic soil remediation, in which a low-intensity direct current is passed through the soil and the nitrate, an anion (i.e., negatively charged particle), would move toward the anode. 28 In fact, nitrates appear to have a relatively high-removal efficiency compared to other ions in the soil due to their low-adsorption strength and have been the most studied. 29 The high-removal efficiency in comparison to other ions is important because it results in less disturbance of the other nutrients found in the soil.…”

Section: Nitrates To Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review of nitrate conversion studies revealed that electrochemical nitrate conversion may result in many nitrogen products, but nitrogen gas and ammonia are the two “most thermodynamically stable forms of nitrogen under standard conditions.” 27 Research is desired to create cheaper, more active, selective, and stable catalysts for the conversion of nitrates 27 . If these studies were expanded to nitrates in the soil, this would help create a closed loop whereby the nitrogen from fertilizers is either consumed by the plants or collected, converted back to ammonia, and reused as fertilizer.One possible way to collect the nitrates in the soil would be via electrokinetic soil remediation, in which a low‐intensity direct current is passed through the soil and the nitrate, an anion (i.e., negatively charged particle), would move toward the anode 28 . In fact, nitrates appear to have a relatively high‐removal efficiency compared to other ions in the soil due to their low‐adsorption strength and have been the most studied 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the gap between agriculture and climate: Mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions from fertilizers

Kollar

2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The climate crisis has long been a looming threat. While focus has been on carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas with 298 times the warming potential of carbon dioxide and deserves attention. Almost three quarters of nitrous oxide is emitted from agricultural soil management, including the use of nitrogenous fertilizers. The inherent connection between agriculture and climate not only reveals the problems but also the solutions. Managing soil health especially nitrogenous compounds can reduce nitrous oxide emissions, fertilizer input, and costs to farmers.Concerns about climate are directly tied to food production, and a growing population will only exacerbate the situation: approximately half of food production currently relies on fertilizers, and the expected doubling of food demand in the forthcoming years will augment this reliance on fertilizers for sustaining and increasing yields. Now, more than ever, understanding and preserving soil nutrient health with relation to fertilizer use is necessary.While conservation efforts have been made, there is a lack of attention toward fertilizers and nitrous oxide. This article explores the technological advancements of the field including biotechnology, electrochemistry, enhanced fertilizer products, and farming practices that have the potential to limit fertilizer use, reduce nitrous oxide emissions, and create greener fertilizer production processes. Policy and research gaps are unraveled to reveal that the federal government should address these issues through the following policy recommendations:1. Improving Current USDA Conservation Programs. Increasing access to current conservation programs and measuring effectiveness of these programs.2. Farm Bill Updates for 2023. Reauthorizing the Farm Bill to include appropriations for market creation and adaptation, increasing nutrient management plans, and standardized labeling.

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“…There could be several mechanisms involved, e.g. cation exchange, electro-migration, and electro-osmosis (Acar et al 1995;Hansen et al 2016;Han et al 2021).…”

Section: Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EK remediation of heavy metals is a result of many driving forces, including electro-migration, electroosmosis, electrophoresis, etc. ; the heavy metal species are expected to accumulate at either the cathode or anode and are removed afterwards (Acar et al 1995;Hansen et al 2016;Han et al 2021). However, this technology also has some bottlenecks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Cadmium (Cd)-Contaminated Soil with Interval Power Breaking

et al. 2022

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This study compared electrokinetic (EK) remediation with and without interval power breaking in the removal of total and plant available cadmium (Cd) in the soil. Two laboratory experiments, i.e. EK remediation with interval power breaking (24–12 h power-on-off cycles) and conventional EK remediation (continuous power supply), with the same accumulated time (192 h) of power supply, were conducted to remove soil Cd. After the EK remediation with interval power breaking, the total Cd removal efficiency in the soil rose to 38%, in comparison to 28% after the conventional EK remediation. As for the plant available Cd, the removal efficiency was enhanced from 52 to 63%. Additionally, the electric current during the EK remediation and electric conductivity after the EK remediation were higher in the soil treated by interval power breaking, which indicated an enhanced desorption and/or migration of charged species. It further meant that the higher removal efficiency of soil Cd by interval power breaking could be related to the enhanced desorption and/or migration of Cd species. This study indicated that both conventional EK remediation and EK remediation with interval power breaking were effective methods to remove soil Cd but EK remediation with interval power breaking was more efficient.

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Electrokinetic Soil Remediation: An Overview

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Towards the application of electrokinetic remediation for nuclear site decommissioning

Towards the application of electrokinetic remediation for nuclear site decommissioning

Bridging the gap between agriculture and climate: Mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions from fertilizers

Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Cadmium (Cd)-Contaminated Soil with Interval Power Breaking

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