Electroless, diffusion limited aggregation of lead dendrites

Baki, M. Abdel; Badr, Layla

doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110586

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…2B, the morphology agrees well with an open fractal pattern suggesting the ions are performing a random walk and aggregating one-by-one (i.e., a diffusion mechanism). 22,23 The open fractal patterns of lead oxide deposits are self-similar with a non-uniform growing front with respect to electric field lines and continuous tip splitting facilitating growth into a tree-like structure. The open fractal structures that emerge from this process can be described by the fractal dimension, f , D which is an index for quantifying open fractal pattern complexity as a ratio of the change in detail ( N log ) with respect to the change in scale ( ε log ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Deposition of Lead for Water Quality Sensing

Nelson

Habibi

Lee

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Lead contamination in drinking water can pose serious health risks to humans, and can often go undetected as a result of corrosion of lead infrastructure installed in buildings constructed prior to 1986. Thus, there is an unmet need for timely, cost-effective, and onsite monitoring of lead in drinking water. Here, we have designed a four-electrode system to reliably respond to electrodeposited lead oxide that provides a near real-time indication of lead presence. To better understand this detection mechanism, we investigated the temporal and spatial electrochemical deposition of lead using potential response data, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fractal dimension (fD), and COMSOL Multiphysics® finite element analysis. Our results suggest that the deposition of lead oxide on the sensor is diffusion limited. Such fundamental understanding of the detection mechanism is critical to improve and shorten the detection time of the sensor. We used this information to improve the detection time and reliability of the signal by reducing the electrode gap distance and agitating the solution. This study provides a path for further optimization of a continuous electrochemical sensor for onsite monitoring of lead in drinking water.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Deposition of Lead for Water Quality Sensing

Nelson

Habibi

Lee

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…[50,51] In the previous study, the growth of fractal dendrites was related to the electric field drives and random migration. [52,53] Without random migration, there is just a dense layer of metal. By changing the current, the relative velocity of electric-field-driven migration versus random migration can be adjusted, resulting in changes in the copper dendrite structure.…”

Section: Growth Of Cu Fractal Dendritic Fiber At Different Electrodep...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photothermal Fabric Based on In Situ Growth of CuO@Cu Fractal Dendrite Fiber for Personal Thermal Management

et al. 2023

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Advanced personal thermal management fabrics are being developed to realize improved human body thermal comfort and effectively regulate heat exchange between the human body and surroundings. Fiber‐based thermal management fabrics were directly worn on soft and curved multiple curvature human body. Here, we designed a flexible photothermal fiber based on copper fractal dendrites with abundant CuO nanowires. Well‐aligned Cu fractal dendrite fiber was electrodeposited template‐freely via a low‐cost and scalable process in an aqueous solution. Then, flexible CuO@Cu fractal dendritic photothermal fiber was fabricated by direct in‐situ oxidation and calcination of Cu fractal dendrites. Furthermore, the CuO@Cu fractal dendritic photothermal fiber can be woven into photothermal fabric by the traditional jacquard embroidery process. The temperature of photothermal fabric can be adjusted within the range of 35‐65 °C by adjusting the number of photothermal fibers, which can be achieved with comfortable wearing of human thermal management and hot compress of hyperthermia to relieve local pain. Therefore, the Cu fractal dendrites have shown considerable potential for promoting the photothermal conversion of flexible personal thermal management.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…656,657 However, Pb is more readily deposited via galvanic processes. For example, Baki and Badr 658 have recently described galvanic deposition of Pb dendrites on a Zn disk immersed in an aqueous gel containing Pb(NO 3 ) 2 . Fractal dimensions of the Pb dendrites range from 1.34 to 1.68, consistent with a DLA mechanism.…”

Section: Acs Applied Electronic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless Metallization of the Elements: Survey and Progress

Turró

Dressick

2022

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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The electroless plating of metals and their alloys, oxides, and chalcogenides represents a critically important technology for the automotive, aerospace, machine tools, and, especially, the electronics industries. Since the initial efforts involving the plating of industrially important metals, such as Ni, Co, Cu, Ag, and Au, in the mid-20th century, the process has evolved to encompass a growing number of elements. At the same time, this expansion in the palette of accessible metals has enabled progress in these industries and evoked new nonconventional applications. In this review, we collect and survey available electroless processes in aqueous and organic solvent systems for each element organized according to position in the Periodic Table as a resource for the reader. Examples illustrating progress in the field are presented and are described in sufficient detail to be useful and understandable for both the expert and nonexpert. Given the historical importance of electronics as a driver for development of electroless processes, examples are electronics-related where possible. However, we strive to also include examples of applications in nontraditional fields to provide the reader with a sense of generality available for electroless methods. The review closes with an outlook for the field and a challenge to scientists and engineers to adapt electroless processes for new applications to continue the growth of the field.

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Electroless, diffusion limited aggregation of lead dendrites

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Electrochemical Deposition of Lead for Water Quality Sensing

Electrochemical Deposition of Lead for Water Quality Sensing

Photothermal Fabric Based on In Situ Growth of CuO@Cu Fractal Dendrite Fiber for Personal Thermal Management

Electroless Metallization of the Elements: Survey and Progress

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