Electrolyte Variations in Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

Objective: The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the serum electrolyte levels in diabetic nephropathy compared with age matched healthy control. Method: Cross sectional study involving 240 individuals in the populations of Bengaluru, India from the period of January 2019 to December 2019 was considered for the study. Venous blood was collected from 240 individuals comprising 120 Diabetics with nephropathy and 120 healthy individuals and analyzed for Glycosylated Hemoglobin(HbA1c), serum sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium and phosphorous along with their demographic details. Results: Age, gender had a statistical significance with diabetic nephropathy, among electrolytes, calcium, potassium and chloride levels were significantly elevated while sodium, magnesium and phosphorous displayed significant decrease in Diabetics with nephropathy compared to healthy control population. Conclusion: These variations in electrolyte levels can be a signal of progression of Type 2 Diabetes into Diabetic Nephropathy. Hence frequent monitoring of these electrolytes helps in early detection of diabetic complications thus preventing it from progressing further