“…2,5,11 Thus, during repeated TSS, it is difficult to direct surgical approach exactly to the correct anatomic structure. 5,7 Thus, the risk and the tumor residual rate of repeated TSS are higher than the first TSS. 12 Several studies have reported the technique of repeated TSS, such as TSS under endoscope, 1,9,11 TSS under microscope, 2,5,7,13 and endoscopy-assisted microsurgery.…”