Electromagnetic Scattering from Deterministic Sea Surface With Oceanic Internal Waves via the Variable-Coefficient Gardener Model

Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Wu, Zhensen; Su, Xiang

doi:10.1109/jstars.2017.2779323

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The latter are expressed as It is clear that with decreasing facet size the coherency of the slope model also deteriorates; this effect is explained in [92]. However, if the facet size is increased, for example, to 0.5 m as in [133], the distribution of slopes will generally correspond to the PDF model, which can be used for verification. When the facet size is increased to a higher order, for example 3 mm size (capillary waves) then the slopes are consistent with the PDF with sufficient accuracy [32].…”

Section: Spectra Comparison: Sea Surface Slopes Vs Pdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and SAR Imaging of the Sea Surface: a Review of the State-of-the-Art with Simulations

Rizaev¹,

Karakuş²,

Hogan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Section: Spectra Comparison: Sea Surface Slopes Vs Pdfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and SAR Imaging of the Sea Surface: a Review of the State-of-the-Art with Simulations

Rizaev¹,

Karakuş²,

Hogan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Based on the semi-definite scattering model, scattering from local wind-derived ripples is approximated by Bragg (or resonant) scattering, and the tilting of the ripples by longer waves changes the scattered power [29]. The total scattering coefficients of each facet can be expressed by combining the long and short waves contributions that can be obtained by the Kirchhoff Approximation and the Tilted Small Perturbation Model (TSPM) [30].…”

Section: Scattering From Rough Sea Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

A Volume-Surface Composite Scattering Model for Nonlinear Ocean Surface With Breaking Waves and Foam Layers Under High Wind Conditions

Zhang¹,

Su²,

Wu³

2019

PIER B

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Electromagnetic scattering from the sea surface is of great significance in ocean remote sensing especially under high wind conditions. A novel volume-surface composite scattering model of nonlinear rough sea surfaces with breaking waves and foam layers under high wind conditions is presented in this study. Based on the semi-deterministic facet scattering model (SDFSM), using a ray tracing method combined with impedance equivalent edge currents (RT-IEEC) and vector radiative transfer theory (VRT), the backscattering characteristics of the sea surface with breaking waves and foam layers are investigated. The crest-and static-foam coverage was introduced to determine the breaking point and foam coverage distribution. The dependence of the backscattering coefficient of the sea surface with and without breaking waves and foam layers on the incident angle, wind speed, and the polarization are discussed in detail. The results of numerical simulations are analyzed and compared with the measured data from the relevant references which verifies the validity of our volume-surface composite scattering model. The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image simulations of the surface with and without the breaking waves and foam layers are compared, and the combined effects of the breaking waves and whitecaps are analyzed.

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“…However, CWMFSM is based on the simple Bragg scattering theory only considering wind modulation. Many improved CWMFSMs, which take the modulation of internal wave [2] and surface current [12] into account, are proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the study of the interaction mechanism between the sea surface and electromagnetic waves is usually restricted by two aspects, nonlinear effects in complex sea state [1] and efficient electromagnetic scattering model [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of microwave backscattering from nonlinear sea surface with currents: doppler spectrum and SAR images

Zhang

Dang

et al. 2020

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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Electromagnetic scattering from the sea surface is of great significance in radar detection, target recognition, ocean remote sensing, etc. By introducing the action spectrum, the modified spatio-temporal variation wave spectrum is used to establish a nonlinear sea surface with currents in this paper. Traditional capillary wave modification facet scattering model (CWMFSM) can only calculate the backscattering from the wind-driven sea surface. By using the new spatio-temporal variation wave spectrum to modify the scattering amplitude of every facet, the new CWMFSM can be used to calculate the nonlinear sea surface scattering with surface currents. Therefore, the model simultaneously considers the modulation of sea surface wind and currents to the radar back echo. The dependence of backscattering coefficient from nonlinear sea surface on the incident angle and the polarization are discussed. The results verify that the nonlinear model is more consistent with the measurement data. This paper also investigates the Doppler spectrum characteristics of the sea with currents. It is found that the effect of wave–current interaction on Doppler spectra is weaker than that of wave–wave interaction. The SAR images of nonlinear sea surfaces are also simulated and different bands, polarizations, and baseline length effects on sea current detection performance of along-track interference SAR are analyzed.

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Electromagnetic Scattering from Deterministic Sea Surface With Oceanic Internal Waves via the Variable-Coefficient Gardener Model

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Modeling and SAR Imaging of the Sea Surface: a Review of the State-of-the-Art with Simulations

Modeling and SAR Imaging of the Sea Surface: a Review of the State-of-the-Art with Simulations

A Volume-Surface Composite Scattering Model for Nonlinear Ocean Surface With Breaking Waves and Foam Layers Under High Wind Conditions

Analysis of microwave backscattering from nonlinear sea surface with currents: doppler spectrum and SAR images

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