Electron emission from conducting surfaces impacted by multiply-charged polyatomic ions

Axelsson, Jan Peter; Parilis, E.S.; Reimann, C.T.; Sullivan, Patrick A.; Sundqvist, B.

doi:10.1016/0168-583x(95)00495-5

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Even if the velocity law is difficult to define as a function of the projectile mass and the velocity range, the relationship linking the electron emission yield to the masses of the projectiles is universal in the case of insulating surfaces 16,23,25,46,52 and is expressed as follows:…”

Section: Mass and Velocity Dependence Of The Projectilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary Electron Emission Yields from a CsI Surface Under Impacts of Large Molecules at Low Velocities (5 × 103−7 × 104 ms−1)

Brunelle

Chaurand

Della‐Negra

et al. 1997

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

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The yields of electron emission from a CsI surface bombarded with very heavy molecular ions have been measured by coincidence counting in time-of-flight mass spectrometry. These ions were produced by the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization technique. The masses ranged from 700 to 66 000 Da with velocities V between 5 × 10 3 and 7 × 10 4 ms For a few years, the interaction of heavy clusters and molecules with solids has been the subject of welldeveloped research. In these investigations the projectiles have had energies from a few eV/atom to a few MeV/atom. Over this large domain of velocities, the projectiles deposit a large amount of energy near the surface of the target. For masses in the range of 10 000 u to 100 000 u, energies of 10 keV to 2 MeV are deposited in a small volume. The transfer of very high densities of transitory and out-of-equilibrium energy into the solid leads to important modifications of the material and/or to the formation of craters independent of the energy range, the mass of the projectiles and the nature of the bombarded surface.1-5 Crater formation is accompanied by a very high sputter yield, as was first observed by Andersen and Bay. 6 The other de-excitation channels, such as electron and ion emission, have also been studied. The ion emission yield exhibits a non-linear increase as a function of the number of constituents or the mass of the projectile over the velocity range studied.7-10 For electron emission, results are scarce. Fundamentally, the electron emission induced by ions is connected to the ion/electron interaction in the medium. The electron emission processes are not simple, and the experimental results show both linear and non-linear relationships of the electron emission yield as a function of the velocity of the projectiles. 11-13

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Section: Mass and Velocity Dependence Of The Projectilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a first set of experiments performed by the Uppsala group, 24 these different parameters were varied independently. 25 The projectile velocities were between 3 × 10 4 and 7 × 10 4 ms -1 . The present work presents the study of electron emission from a CsI surface under molecular ion impact (fullerenes and proteins).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Electron Emission Yields from a CsI Surface Under Impacts of Large Molecules at Low Velocities (5 × 103−7 × 104 ms−1)

Brunelle

Chaurand

Della‐Negra

et al. 1997

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Additional work in utilizing large charged droplets at hypervelocities was also explored by other groups 96 . A platform similar to the ORION system, known as the Multiply Charged Macromolecular Accelerator (MUMMA), was developed in the mid 90's to evaluate the feasibility of electrosprayed macromolecules as PI beam sources 96 .…”

Section: Massive Clusters and Charged Nanodropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was driven by the results of the work at IPNO, with an interest on whether utilizing multiply charged species such as proteins and other biomolecules could provide further significant enhancements of molecular ion yields while reducing unwanted overpenetration or deposition 96,97 . Projectiles used in this work included bovine insulin (5.3 kDa), hen-egg lysozyme (14.3 kDa) and apo-myoglobin (16.9 kDa), containing varying number of charges to evaluate the effects of acceleration 96,98 . PIs were chosen based on a quadrupole mounted on the ion optics column to allow surface impact with a specific charge state prior to pre-impact acceleration.…”

Section: Massive Clusters and Charged Nanodropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Primary Ion Column for Mass Spectrometry-Based Surface Analysis

Villacob¹

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Characterization of microchannel plate detector response for the detection of native multiply charged high mass single ions in orthogonal‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry using a Timepix detector

et al. 2022

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Time-of-flight (TOF) systems are one of the most widely used mass analyzers in native mass spectrometry (nMS) for the analysis of non-covalent multiply charged bio-macromolecular assemblies (MMAs). Typically, microchannel plates (MCPs) are employed for high mass native ion detection in TOF MS. MCPs are well known for their reduced detection efficiency when impinged by large slow moving ions. Here, a position-and time-sensitive Timepix (TPX) detector has been added to the back of a dual MCP stack to study the key factors that affect MCP performance for MMA ions generated by nMS. The footprint size of the secondary electron cloud generated by the MCP on the TPX for each individual ion event is analyzed as a measure of MCP performance at each mass-to-charge (m/z) value and resulted in a Poisson distribution. This allowed us to investigate the dependency of ion mass, ion charge, ion velocity, acceleration voltage, and MCP bias voltage on MCP response in the high mass low velocity regime. The study of measurement ranges; ion mass = 195 to 802,000 Da, ion velocity = 8.4 to 67.4 km/s, and ion charge = 1+ to 72+, extended the previously examined mass range and characterized MCP performance for multiply charged species. We derived a MCP performance equation based on two independent ion properties, ion mass and charge, from these results, which enables rapid MCP tuning for single MMA ion detection.

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Electron emission from conducting surfaces impacted by multiply-charged polyatomic ions

Cited by 20 publications

References 50 publications

Secondary Electron Emission Yields from a CsI Surface Under Impacts of Large Molecules at Low Velocities (5 × 103−7 × 104 ms−1)

Secondary Electron Emission Yields from a CsI Surface Under Impacts of Large Molecules at Low Velocities (5 × 103−7 × 104 ms−1)

Development of a Primary Ion Column for Mass Spectrometry-Based Surface Analysis

Characterization of microchannel plate detector response for the detection of native multiply charged high mass single ions in orthogonal‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry using a Timepix detector

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