Electron pulse-dilation diagnostic instruments

Abstract

During the past decade, a number of diagnostic instruments have been developed that utilize electron pulse-dilation to achieve temporal resolution in the 5–30 ps range. These development efforts were motivated by the need for advanced diagnostics for high-energy density physics experiments around the world. The new instruments include single- and multi-frame gated imagers and non-imaging detectors that record continuous data streams. Electron pulse-dilation provides high-speed detection capability by converting incoming signals into a free electron cloud and manipulating the electron signal with electric and magnetic fields. Here, we discuss design details and applications of these instruments along with issues and challenges associated with employing the electron pulse-dilation technique. Additionally, methods to characterize instrument performance and improve tolerance to gamma and neutron background radiation are discussed.

X-ray framing imaging technique applied in laser fusion

“…35 μm [51,60] . 以hCMOS作为探测器件的新型门控X射线 分幅相机, 在国外已经应用于ICF成像, 如SLOS-CBI已 安装于NIF, SLOS-TRXI已安装于OMEGA, 未来将朝着 更多画幅数、更高时间分辨率和更大动态范围等方向 发展 [40,51,56,59,61] .…”

Designed a photomultiplier tube X-ray framing camera based on pulse dilation technology

“…In 2010, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the United States used a combination of electron beam pulse dilation technology and MCP gated framing camera to develop a camera with a spatial resolution better than 300μm and a temporal resolution of 5 ps using a long magnetic imaging method [13][14][15][16][17]. Shenzhen University has also successfully developed a framing camera with a temporal resolution of 11 ps and a spatial resolution better than 10 lp/mm by using the combination of short magnetic focusing and pulse dilation technology [18][19][20].…”