Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis study of lead adsorbed on montmorillonite

Counts, Mary E.; Jen, James S.; Wightman, J. P.

doi:10.1021/j100634a023

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Si makes up most of the tetrahedral layer (Si/A1 -6.8), and AI, Fe, and Mg are primary constituents of the octahedral layer. All Fe was arbitrarily considered as Fe a § Other trace elements (Table 2), such as Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cd, and Cr, can be structurally bound in octahedral coordination or can be present as exchangeable cations in clays (Counts et al, 1973;Pronina and Varentsov, 1973;McBride, 1976;Koppelman and Dillard, 1977). The exchangeable cations, however, are mainly Na, with some K and Ca (Table 3).…”

Section: Smectite Chemistry and Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of Iron-Rich Montmorillonite from the Manganese Nodule Belt of the North Equatorial Pacific

Hein

Yeh

Alexander

1979

Clays and clay miner.

108

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Abstract--Clay minerals in the upper 50 cm of sediment that surround the Cu-and Ni-rich manganese nodules in the North Equatorial Pacific form two fractions: terrigenous (mostly eolian) illite, chlorite, and kaolinite, and authigenic smectite. Smectite increases with depth in box cores from 26 to 39% and from 53 to 66% in the easternmost and westernmost areas respectively, and with distance seaward from the Americas from 26 to 53% in surface deposits. The change in the amount of smectite relative to other clay minerals is due to dilution by terrigenous debris; smectite probably forms at a uniform rate over much of the North Pacific deep-sea floor. The 6018 value for the smectite is +29.6%0 which suggests that it formed authigenically at a temperature characteristic of the deep-sea floor. The smectite is an Fe-rich montmorillonite that probably forms by the low-temperature chemical combination of Fe hydroxides and silica. Silica is derived from dissolution of biogenic debris, and the Fe hydroxide is from volcanic activity at the East Pacific Rise, 4000 to 5000 km to the east. AI in the authigenic montmorillonite may be derived from the dissolution of large amounts of biogenic silica or from river-derived A1 that is adsorbed on Fe-Mn hydroxides in the oceans. The Fe-montmorillonite contains relatively abundant Cu, Zn, and Mn and is of possible economic importance as a source of these and other metals.

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Section: Smectite Chemistry and Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of Iron-Rich Montmorillonite from the Manganese Nodule Belt of the North Equatorial Pacific

Hein

Yeh

Alexander

1979

Clays and clay miner.

108

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“…Measurements of the binding energies of aluminum in a variety of materials have revealed that binding energies are affected by stoichiometric changes in composition (Lindsay et al, 1973), but are not affected by alterations in coordination geometry (Anderson and Swartz, 1974). XPS studies of metal ions adsorbed on mineral surfaces have been valuable in describing the chemical nature of cobalt on metal oxides (Tewari and Lee, 1975) of iron on clay minerals (Koppelman and Dillard, 1975) and heavy metals on montmorillonite (Counts et al, 1973). The of XPS in studying the mechanism of adsorption of phosphates and silicates on gibbsite has been reported (Alvarez et al, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) by Clay Minerals

Koppelman

Dillard

1977

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--The adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) on to the clay minerMs kaolinite, chlorite, and illite has been investigated. The quantity of Ni(II) at pH 6 and Cu(II) at pH 5 adsorbed has been found to vary in the manner chlorite > illite > kaolinite. Examination of the mode of bonding of the metal ions to the clay minerals using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been carried out. Comparison of the binding energies for metal ions in octahedral sites in selected minerals (reference minerals) and in simple nickel and copper containing compounds with values for Ni(II) and Cu(II) adsorbed on chlorite indicate that nickel(II) is probably bound as the aquo ion while copper(II) may be adsorbed as Cu(OH) § INTRODUCTION

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“…Another method for reducing the charge on the sample was presented by Counts et al 126 in their work on lead absorbed on montmorillonite. In this report the authors pressed their sample into indium foil, and found this to be a satisfactory way of reducing charge; however, no detailed study of how well this procedure worked was given.…”

Section: F Calibration Of Xps Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%