Electron-transfer communication between a redox polymer matrix and an immobilized enzyme: activity of nitrate reductase in a viologen-acrylamide copolymer

Fabrication of Redox‐Mediator Supported Potentiometric Nitrate Biosensor with Nitrate Reductase

“…Thus, 0.1 M phosphate buffer was chosen for optimum performance of PPy-NaR-AzA nitrate biosensor. The optimum pH range (7.0 -7.3) and buffer concentration (0.1 M) achieved in this study are in agreement with those reported in previous studies for adequate performance of NaR [26,27]. Table 1 summarizes the performance of the six PPy-NaRMed biosensors for potentiometric detection of nitrate.…”

Electroimmobilization of nitrate reductase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide into polypyrrole films for potentiometric detection of nitrate

“…The enzyme (NaR) is usually immobilized onto a suitable support matrix to minimise the use of enzyme and achieve compatibility of the biosensor. The range of materials that have been used for the immobilization of NaR for construction of nitrate biosensor include acrylamide copolymer, polythiophene-bipyridinium [24], polyvinyl alcohol [27], polystyrene-polybutadiene [30], viologen-acrylamide [31], sol-gel matrix [15], decanethiol [32], alkylpyrroleviologen [29,33], and polyviologen [26]. The detection of nitrate with the immobilized NaR is often achieved in the presence of NAD(P)H or other suitable co-factor by amperometry [19,22,25,27,34,35], cyclic voltammetry [19,29], luminescence [16,36,37], optical [15,38] and field effect transistor [39] detection.…”

Ethanol synthesis based on the photoredox system consisting of photosensitizer and dehydrogenases

“…For photoinduced hydrogen production systems, platinum nano-particle and enzyme, hydrogenase from Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Miyazaki) have been widely used as catalysts [6][7][8][9][10]. The photochemical and enzymatic synthesis of organic compounds has also been developed using this system in the presence of various enzymes [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Dehydrogenase enzymes such as lactate (LDH), formate (FDH), aldehyde (AldDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are useful enzymes for the synthesis of valuable organic compounds such as lactic acid, formic acid, methanol etc.…”