Electronic Cigarette Burns: A Case Report and Review of Current Literature

Michael, Rachel; Ebraheim, Nabil A.; Maier, Jacob; Tanios, Mina; Kouri, Anthony

doi:10.1155/2019/4231764

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The majority of injuries were caused due to explosion (82/126), including 48 assembled devices [21,, 20 self-exploded batteries [95,97,102,111,112,[115][116][117] and 14 without specifying [118]. Second most common injury was thermal burns (24/126) caused by 14 self-combusted batteries [21,111,115,[119][120][121][122], 6 self-combusted assembled devices [115,120,123,124], 2 exploding devices [99,102], 1 in-pocket e-cigarette self-activation [125] and 1 case for which the ignition was induced by a motorcycle crash [111]. A combination of explosion and thermal burn caused by the explosion of the assembled device (7/126) [21,112,120,126,127] was the 3rd most common cause of injury.…”

Section: Traumatic Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist

Tzortzi

Kapetanstrataki

Evangelopoulou

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Following the recent electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) illness outbreak, the current review aimed to collect all related clinical cases for study and analysis and provide a critical synopsis of the proposed injury mechanism. Adhering to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) guidelines, e-cigarette-related clinical cases were identified via Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Additionally, references of published case reports and previous review papers were manually searched, revealing 159 publications presenting e-cigarette-related case reports and 19 reports by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 238 individual cases were identified; 53% traumatic injuries due to e-cigarette explosion or self-combustion, 24% respiratory cases, and 12% poisonings. Additional cases pertained to oral, cardiovascular, immunologic, hematologic, allergic reactions, infant complications, and altered medication levels. Case reports were mainly published between 2016–2019 (78%). The oldest case, a lipoid pneumonia, was published in 2012. The current review showed that e-cigarette-related health effects extend beyond the acute lung injury syndrome, including traumatic, thermal injuries and acute intoxications. Physicians should be aware of the distinct clinical presentations and be trained to respond and treat effectively. Regulators and public health authorities should address the regulatory gap regarding electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and novel tobacco products.

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Section: Traumatic Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist

Tzortzi

Kapetanstrataki

Evangelopoulou

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…Our search yielded 18 case reports and 23 case series, adding up to a total of 180 cases, published between 2016 and 2020 in a variety of medical journals. 7,8,18,25, The incidents took place in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France, Belgium, and Malaysia. To our knowledge, this is the most extensive review on this topic, as all kinds of traumatic injuries were included in contrast to other systematic reviews limited to burn injuries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,15,16 The potential toxicity of ENDS vapor and its potential for increasing tobacco use have also been addressed. [17][18][19][20][21] In 2016, Madsen et al 22 published a case report suggesting that ENDSs can induce inflammation and mimic responses found in metastatic cancer. One year later, Fracol et al 23 found EC vapor to be cytotoxic to endothelial cells, independently of nicotine content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to burns, different maxillofacial fractures have also been described. 18 The aim of this study was to provide an overview of all relevant studies concerning ENDS-related traumatic injuries of all kinds: burn injuries (flame and chemical) and traumatic injuries of the skin, soft tissue, and/or bone (e.g., fractures), to estimate the implications on immediate management with a particular focus on surgical versus conservative treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Injuries associated with electronic nicotine delivery systems: A systematic review

Vyncke

Wolf

Hoeksema

et al. 2020

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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BACKGROUND:Since its introduction on the market in 2007, the number of reports on injuries caused by the overheating, ignition, or explosion of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs) has increased significantly. These injuries appear to have different causes, the most important one being lithium-ion battery overheating to the point of ignition or explosion. METHODS:A literature search for all relevant studies concerning ENDS-related traumatic injuries of all kinds was conducted, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses protocol. The search started with the first introduction of ENDSs in 2007 and ended February 2020. Articles included were reports on patients who sustained flame, chemical, or traumatic injuries of the skin, soft tissue, and/or bone, related to the use of ENDSs. RESULTS:This systematic review includes 180 patients from 41 case series and reports, published between 2016 and 2020. The mean age was 30.8 years (range, 17-59 years) with an overall male predominance (168 of 180 patients, 93%). In most injuries, multiple anatomical sites were affected, with the thigh/lower limb being the most commonly injured area (77%) followed by the upper limb/hand (43%). Eighty-two patients (51%) required a surgical treatment, 70 patients (43%) were managed conservatively with dressings or ointments, and 9 patients (6%) underwent enzymatic debridement. Thirty-five percent of all patients underwent skin grafting. CONCLUSION:Injuries from overheating, ignition, or explosion of ENDSs are an emerging, underreported, and underresearched issue. There is a need for increased regulation of ENDSs and improved surveillance of related injuries. Both health care providers and consumers should be made aware of the risks and be advised about how to safely handle these devices. In contrast to other articles, this systematic review includes all types of injuries related to ENDS overheating, ignition, and explosion. To our knowledge, this is the most extensive systematic review performed to date.

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Electronic Cigarette Burns: A Case Report and Review of Current Literature

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist

A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist

Injuries associated with electronic nicotine delivery systems: A systematic review

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