Electronically reconfigurable and conformal triband antenna for wireless communications systems and portable devices

Hussain, Mohamed Azlan; Ali, Esraa Musa; Awan, Wahaj Abbas; Hussain, Niamat; Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad; Virdee, Bal S.; Falcone, Francisco

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276922

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Antenna is a pivotal component in the front end of advanced wireless communication. This growth in demand for wireless communication requires developing and modifying the design of an antenna [ 1 , 2 ]. A compact, simple, and low-profile antenna is required for current and upcoming 5G and 6G communication systems, along with high antenna gain, wideband, low mutual coupling, and other basic and advanced parameters of the antenna [ 3 – 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-band MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling for 2.4/5.8 GHz communication and wearable technologies

Awan,

Islam,

N. Alsunaydih

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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To satisfy the requirements of modern communication systems and wearables using 2.4/5.8 GHz band this paper presents a simple, compact, and dual-band solution. The antenna is extracted from a circular monopole by inserting various patches and stubs. The genetic algorithm is utilized to optimize the parameters and achieve the best possible results regarding bandwidth and gain. Afterward, a 2-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is created by positioning an identical second single element perpendicularly to the first one. The electrical size of the suggested MIMO configuration is 0.26 λL × 0.53 λL, where λL represents the free space wavelength at lower resonance of 2.45 GHz. The common ground technique is adopted to further reduce and achieve the accepted level of mutual coupling of the MIMO configuration. The presented MIMO antenna offers a low mutual coupling of < –27 dB with 0.2 envelope correlation coefficient (ECC). The antenna has a gain of around 6.2 dBi and 6.5 dBi at resonating frequencies of 2.45 GHz and 5.4 GHz. Furthermore, the specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis of the MIMO antenna offers a range inside of the standard values, showing its potential for On/Off body communications. The comparison with already published works shows that the proposed antenna achieves better results in either compact size or wide operational bandwidth along with low mutual coupling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-band MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling for 2.4/5.8 GHz communication and wearable technologies

Awan,

Islam,

N. Alsunaydih

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

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“…The rapid advancement in wireless communication technologies is observed in the current era. The number of users is increasing day by day, along with high data rate demand [ 1 ]. For this purpose, researchers are working on solving the problem to facilitate the ocean of users with the best services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of Circular Polarized Two-Port MIMO Antennas with Various Antenna Element Orientations

et al. 2023

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This article presents the circularly polarized antenna operating over 28 GHz mm-wave applications. The suggested antenna has compact size, simple geometry, wideband, high gain, and offers circular polarization. Afterward, two-port MIMO antenna are designed to get Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) and Right-Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP). Four different cases are adopted to construct two-port MIMO antenna of suggested antenna. In case 1, both of the elements are placed parallel to each other; in the second case, the element is parallel but the radiating patch of second antenna element are rotated by 180°. In the third case, the second antenna element is placed orthogonally to the first antenna element. In the final case, the antenna is parallel but placed in the opposite end of substrate material. The S-parameters, axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) gain, and radiation efficiency are studied and compared in all these cases. The two MIMO systems of all cases are designed by using Roger RT/Duroid 6002 with thickness of 0.79 mm. The overall size of two-port MIMO antennas is 20.5 mm × 12 mm × 0.79 mm. The MIMO configuration of the suggested CP antenna offers wideband, low mutual coupling, wide ARBW, high gain, and high radiation efficiency. The hardware prototype of all cases is fabricated to verify the predicated results. Moreover, the comparison of suggested two-port MIMO antenna is also performed with already published work, which show the quality of suggested work in terms of various performance parameters over them.

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“…Yet, another dual-band solution is proposed in [ 15 ] for ISM/Wi-Fi/WLAN applications with a coplanar waveguide antenna working at the 2.45 GHz and 5.65 GHz bands with a total size of 23 × 23× 0.79 mm

. Triple-band solutions [ 17 , 18 ] have been also investigated. In [ 17 ], a conformal and electronically reconfigurable antenna is presented for portable devices covering the 2.45 GHz (ISM, Wi-Fi, and WLAN), 3.3/3.5/3.9 GHz (WiMAX), and 4.1/4.9 GHz (4G/5G) bands with the use of a modified triangular patch radiator, two open-ended stubs, and PIN diodes with a total size of 30 × 25× 0.254 mm

.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Triple-band solutions [ 17 , 18 ] have been also investigated. In [ 17 ], a conformal and electronically reconfigurable antenna is presented for portable devices covering the 2.45 GHz (ISM, Wi-Fi, and WLAN), 3.3/3.5/3.9 GHz (WiMAX), and 4.1/4.9 GHz (4G/5G) bands with the use of a modified triangular patch radiator, two open-ended stubs, and PIN diodes with a total size of 30 × 25× 0.254 mm

. In addition, in [ 18 ], a miniaturized antenna based on a square split-ring resonator that operates at the 2.4 GHz, 3.7 GHz, and 5.8 GHz WLAN/WiMAX is proposed, with a volume of 33 × 22 × 1.6 mm

.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reconfigurable antennas [ 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] are also used in 2.4 GHz IoT applications. In [ 25 ], a planar complementary reconfigurable antenna with the combination of electric/magnetic dipoles is analyzed with a size of 0.285 × 0.31 × 0.065

, and in [ 26 ], a reconfigurable microstrip antenna with a slot and a ground plane modification is studied obtaining an impedance bandwidth of 8.7% and a size of 0.016 × 0.016 × 0.007

.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Miniaturized On-Ground 2.4 GHz IoT LTCC Chip Antenna and Its Positioning on a Ground Plane

Molins-Benlliure

Cabedo-Fabrés

Antonino‐Daviu

et al. 2023

Sensors

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This paper presents a very low-profile on-ground chip antenna with a total volume of 0.075λ0× 0.056λ0× 0.019λ0 (at f0 = 2.4 GHz). The proposed design is a corrugated (accordion-like) planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) embedded in low-loss glass ceramic material (DuPont GreenTape 9k7 with ϵr = 7.1 and tanδ = 0.0009) fabricated with LTCC technology. The antenna does not require a clearance area on the ground plane where the antenna is located, and it is proposed for 2.4 GHz IoT applications for extreme size-limited devices. It shows a 25 MHz impedance bandwidth (for S11 < −6 dB), which means a relative bandwidth of 1%). A study in terms of matching and total efficiency is performed for several size ground planes with the antenna installed at different positions. The use of characteristic modes analysis (CMA) and the correlation between modal and total radiated fields is performed to demonstrate the optimum position of the antenna. Results show high-frequency stability and a total efficiency difference of up to 5.3 dB if the antenna is not placed at the optimum position.

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Electronically reconfigurable and conformal triband antenna for wireless communications systems and portable devices

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Dual-band MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling for 2.4/5.8 GHz communication and wearable technologies

Dual-band MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling for 2.4/5.8 GHz communication and wearable technologies

Design and Analysis of Circular Polarized Two-Port MIMO Antennas with Various Antenna Element Orientations

Miniaturized On-Ground 2.4 GHz IoT LTCC Chip Antenna and Its Positioning on a Ground Plane

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