Electroreduction of Nitroaromatic Compounds at Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Bimetallic Ag@Pd Nanorods Modified Electrodes

Abstract

The design and fabrication of nanostructured electrode with high activity at low cost are crucial elements in studying the toxicity of environmental pollutants. Here, we develop a combined step of generating Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide (ERGO) nanosheets on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode where an effective seed mediated growth followed by a galvanic exchange process were introduced for the direct growth of Ag core @Pd shell nanorods (Ag@Pd NRDs). The resulting electrode possesses a large surface area, interconnected porous networks, uniform distribution of bimetallic Ag@Pd NRDs with extremely thin size of Pd generation and good electrical conductivity, which are highly desirable for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs). In the fabrication step, the shell like Cu at the bimetallic NRDs acts as a sacrificial template for forming a thin layer of Pd at Ag NRDs surface by redox replacement reaction. Thus, the resultant Ag@Pd NRDs on ERGO modified electrode was profoundly tested for the electrochemical sensing of NACs with high sensitivity, selectivity and a very low detection limit of 1.8×10−11 M. Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) was used to study the linear range of 4‐nitroaniline (4‐NA) between 1.0×10−9 M and 1.2×10−8 M. The modified electrode exhibits better reproducibility and long term stability. In addition, the modified electrode out performed well in the real sample analysis containing NACs in the presence of different interfering cations and anions.

Electroreductive Remediation of Halogenated Environmental Pollutants

“…However, the literature of electrochemistry is becoming increasingly rich in the use of numerous other electrode materials. Nowadays, the candidate list of possible electrodes has been greatly expanded by the advent of new nanomaterials 23 and other composites. Thus, as dictated by a particular application, there is great need for innovation and creativity in the selection and design of new working electrodes for both anodic and cathodic processes.…”

Binder-Free Modification of a Glassy Carbon Electrode by Using Porous Carbon for Voltammetric Determination of Nitro Isomers

“…PC-based electrodes have been widely used in voltammetric studies because of low cost, availability, stability, and easy modification of the carbon morphology. There are a number of carbon-based electrodes such as GCE, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and most recently, graphene. , Moreover, the proposed PC 900 -modified GCE-based sensor indeed exhibits superior analytical performances with a wide linear range and LOD compared to other previously reported electrode materials for electrochemical detection of 4-NA, as listed in Table . ,− …”

Highly efficient electrochemical and chemical hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol using recyclable narrow mesoporous magnetic CoPt nanowires

“…49,50 Therefore, based on the previously reported results from the literature, a potential of À0.35 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCl (3 M)/H 2 SO 4 (0.5 M) was selected to explore the electroreduction of 4-nitrophenol in acidic media (1 M H 2 SO 4 ). 51,52 Therefore, in order to use Co-Pt NWs for an effective electrochemically catalysed hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol, it is important to evaluate their stability, as well as their catalytic activity and chemoselectivity in this aggressive environment. Moreover, for comparison, pure Pt and Co mesoporous NWs were also employed.…”