Electrosprayed Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Background: Nanotechnology is a tool being used intensely in the area of drug delivery systems in the biomedical field. Electrospraying is one of the nanotechnological methods, which is growing due to its importance in the development of nanoparticles comprising bioactive compounds. It is helpful in improving the efficacy, reducing side effects of active drug elements, and is useful in targeted drug delivery. When compared to other conventional methods like nanoprecipitation, emulsion diffusion, and double emulsification, electrospraying offers better advantages to produce micro/nanoparticles due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and single-step process. Objective: The aim of this paper is to highlight the use of electrosprayed nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Methods: We conducted a literature review on the usage of natural and synthetic materials to produce nanoparticles, which can be used as a drug delivery system for medical purposes. Results: We summarized a possible key role of electrosprayed nanoparticles in different therapeutic applications (tissue regeneration, cancer). Conclusion: The modest literature production denotes that further investigation is needed to assess and validate the promising role of drug-loaded nanoparticles through the electrospraying process as noninvasive materials in the biomedical field.

Zein-based nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and pharmaceutical application

“…Frontiers in Pharmacology frontiersin.org working fluids and their surrounding air environment (Malik et al, 2022). Being highly charged, the therapeutic molecules can easily be incorporated into zein NPs with high loading efficacy.…”

“…In this process, the stock solution of zein is dispersed into tiny charged droplets under an electric field. Electrospraying is performed in a gas atmosphere, with the exception of the effective evaporation of solvent from the interface between the working fluids and their surrounding air environment ( Malik et al, 2022 ). Being highly charged, the therapeutic molecules can easily be incorporated into zein NPs with high loading efficacy.…”

Biobased Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Poly(ε-caprolactone) and Epoxidized Soybean Oil with Nanoscale Morphology, Shape-Memory Effect, and Biocompatibility

“…It is also a biodegradable, biocompatible, and bioresorbable polymer. Therefore, PCL has been widely used in many biomedical applications including drug delivery and tissue engineering. − A composite based on a PCL matrix containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and hydroxyapatite (HA) as reinforcement fillers has recently been developed for fabrication of hard tissue scaffolds using selective laser sintering by Feng et al The dispersion of CNT and HA fillers was significantly improved via hydrothermal reaction, where the HA nanoparticles were in situ synthesized on the surface of carboxyl multiwalled CNTs to prevent their aggregation. Shape-memory thermosets based on PCL and polyethylene glycol (PEG) of different molecular weights were synthesized via photo-cross-linking of methacrylate macromonomers .…”

Electrosprayed curcumin‐zein@polycaprolactone‐mucilage capsules for an improved sustained release

“…[25,26] Nanotechnology, nanofibers, and nanocapsules have the potential for DDSs, and due to easier control of operating conditions and parameters, electrospray (ES) is one of the most developed methods. [27,28] On the other hand, electrospinning or electrospraying has gained widespread attention as a highly profitable, simple, and adaptable polymer processing technique to fabricate micro/nano ultra-fine polymer fiber-based membranes and nanoparticles. [29][30][31] External high-voltage electrical fields and Coulomb repulsion accelerate solvent evaporation from charged droplets, resulting in the formation of micro/nanoparticles near the receptor.…”