Electrospun Core–Shell Fibrous 2D Scaffold with Biocompatible Poly(Glycerol Sebacate) and Poly-l-Lactic Acid for Wound Healing

Abstract

Biomimetic scaffolds made by synthetic materials are usually used to replace the natural tissues aimed at speeding up the skin regeneration. In this study, a flexible and cytocompatible poly(glycerol sebacate)@poly-l-lactic acid (PGS@PLLA) fibrous scaffold with a core-shell structure was fabricated by coaxial electrospinning, where the shell PLLA was used to be a skeleton with pores on the fibrous surface. The fibrous morphology with pores on the surface of the prepared fibers was observed by SEM. The core-shell microstructure of PGS@PLLA fibers was confirmed by TEM and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM). In addition, the prepared fibers exhibited a strong ability to repair tissues of the skin wound, where the stability of cell security and proliferation, and the lower inflammatory response were all superior to those of pure PLLA scaffold. It's worth noting that the percentage of skin tissue was regenerated by 95% within 14 days, which suggests the potential application for electrospun-based synthetic fibrous scaffolds on wound healing.

Bio-Based Electrospun Fibers for Wound Healing

“…The biodegradable electrospun wound dressings also persuade healing and increase cell growth rate due to their high compatibility with blood and tissues. The degradation rate of the scaffolds could be tuned with the rate of tissue regeneration [1,40,46,50,51].…”

“…Lactic acid (2-hydroxypropionic acid, CH3-CHOHCOOH) is the constituent monomer of PLA. Poly (l-lactide) (PLLA), Poly (d-lactide) (PDLA), racemic poly(dl-lactide) (PDLLA) are three isomeric forms of PLA [51,69,161].…”

“…The fabricated fibers with porous morphology of the shell surface showed excellent ability to repair tissues of the skin wound. In comparison to pure PLLA scaffold, the core-shell structure exhibited superior cell proliferation, with a lower inflammatory response [51]. In another work performed by Yang et al, the coaxial electrospinning technique was applied to fabricate the core-shell structured PLLA/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for wound dressing applications.…”

“…Electrospinning of PLLA solutions using solvents with high vapor pressure and lower boiling points, like chloroform and dichloromethane, formed fibers with porous surfaces. Whereas the electrospinning of PLLA solution based on solvents such as hexafluoro isopropanol (HFIP) and 2,2,2- trifluoroethanol (TFE) let to formation of uniform fibers with a smooth surface ( Figure 2 a) [ 51 , 57 , 66 ]. Solvents with a low vapor pressure like 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) provided enough time for crystals to grow during fiber formation resulting in a high crystallinity.…”

An overview of polyester/hydroxyapatite composites for bone tissue repairing

“…The commonly used bone repairing materials mainly include polymer materials, inorganic materials, metals and their composites [ 7 ]. Among polymer materials, polyesters such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) [ 8 ], polycaprolactone (PCL) [ 9 , 10 ], poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) [ 11 , 12 ], Poly( l -Lactic Acid) (PLLA) [ 13 ] and their composites have attracted much attention because of their excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers have no toxicity to human body and with America Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.…”