Electrospun electroactive nanofibers of gelatin‐oligoaniline/Poly (vinyl alcohol) templates for architecting of cardiac tissue with on‐demand drug release

Abstract

In this study, grafted gelatin with oligoaniline (GelOA) was synthesized and then mixed with Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Several scaffolds with different ratio of PVA/GelOA were electrospun to fabricate electroactive scaffolds. GelOA was characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); moreover, nanofiber properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Nanofibers diameter was decreased with aniline oligomer increment form 300 to 150 nm because of the hydrophobic nature of the aniline oligomer. Aniline oligomer electroactivity was studied using cyclic voltammetry, which exhibited two redox peaks at 0.4 and 0.6. Moreover, aniline oligomer enhancement resulted in melting point increasing from 220°C to 230°C because of the crystallinity increment. To assess the biocompatibility of nanofibers, cell viability and cell adhesion were tracked using mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs). It was revealed that the presence of aniline oligomer leads to enhancing the conductivity, thermal properties and lowering the degradation rate and drug release. Among of different scaffolds, sample with high content of GelOA shows better behavior in physical and biological properties. Accumulative drug releases under applied electrical field at 40 minutes showed that the drug release for stimulated condition is about 33% more than the unapplied electrical field one.

Stimuli‐Responsive Biomaterials: Scaffolds for Stem Cell Control

“…A gelatin-oligoaniline nanofibrous scaffold demonstrated controlled dexamethasone release when electrically stimulated, as well as supporting MSC growth and proliferation. [156] The actuative ability of conductive polymers (detailed in Section 5.1) can also be used as an electroactive switch for releasing drugs loaded with nanotube structures, opening the nanotubes for drug release upon electrical stimulation. [157] An electroactive scaffold demonstrated controlled release of human BMP-4 in a rabbit animal model, where electrodes were inserted across a bone defect to induce the controlled release.…”

Fabrication of fibrous poly (ɛ‐caprolactone) nano‐fibers containing cerium doped‐bioglasses nanoparticles encapsulated collagen

“…24 Recently, the nanofibrous scaffolds prepared by wet electrospinning in a coagulation solvent bath have been developed for increasing porosity and pores of nanofibers which can provide the optimum condition for cell adhesion and proliferation. 13,17,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] To best our knowledge, there is not a comprehensive report on the effect of incorporation of BG/collagen microspheres into the PCL nanofibers synthesized by the wet electrospinning method for bone tissue engineering applications. Our hypothesis, in this study, is that the incorporation of collagen/BGs microsphere into the porous PCL scaffolds could have good mechanical properties, bioactivity, and cell performance and be a good candidate for wide applications in the bone tissue engineering substitutes.…”

Fabrication, mechanical properties and failure mechanism of random and aligned nanofiber membrane with different parameters

“…The diameter, homogeneity, orientation and mechanical properties of nanofibers are affected by many factors including solution concentrations, process conditions, etc. During the several decades, a large number of researches have been conducted on various aspects of electrospinning [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In generally, fibers are often collected as randomly oriented structures in the stationary target with aluminum foil.…”