Electrospun Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibrous Mat Loaded with Green Propolis Extract, Chitosan and Nystatin as an Innovative Wound Dressing Material

Abstract

Purposes The objective of this work was to produce and characterise biodegradable poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibre loaded with green propolis extract (GPE), chitosan (CS) and nystatin (NYS) alone and in mixtures as a potential wound dressing material. Methods The GPE, NYS and CS1% were loaded in electrospinning compositions based on PVA 7%, 8% and 12% solubilised in milli-Q water or a mixture of water and glacial acetic acid. The electrospinning compositions without actives (blank) and those loaded with actives were characterised by determining the pH, electrical conductivity and rheological properties. An image analysis procedure applied to photomicrographs obtained by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) allowed the determination of the nanofibres’ diameter distribution and average surface porosity. The disintegration time and swelling ratio of the nanofibre mats were also determined. Results The physicochemical parameters of the electrospinning compositions (pH, electrical conductivity and rheology) and the incorporated active ingredients (GPE, CS and NYS) affected the electrospun nanofibre mats properties. The electrospun nanofibres’ mean diameters and surface porosity ranged from 151.5 to 684.5 nm and from 0.29 ± 0.04 to 0.50 ± 0.05. The PVA/CS electrospun nanofibres fibres exhibited the smallest diameters, high surface porosity, water absorption capacity and disintegration time. The characteristics of the PVA/CS nanofibres mat associated with the biodegradability of the polymers make them a novel material with the potential to be applied as wound and burn dressings.

Recent progress of electrospun nanofibers as burning dressings

“…114 Table 1 summarizes the natural and synthetic polymers used in the preparation of electrospun nanober burn dressings. These polymers mainly include natural ones such as chitosan, [115][116][117][118][119][120] gelatin, [121][122][123] silk broin, 118,124,125 sodium alginate, 126,127 and synthetic polymers such as poly(3-caprolactone), [128][129][130][131][132] poly(vinyl alcohol), 119,125,133 poly(ethylene oxide), 120,127,131 poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), 132 polyurethane 126 and polylactic acid. 134 4.1 Natural polymers 4.1.1 Chitosan.…”

Study of Electrospun Membranes Composed of PCL and Tilapia-Skin Collagen with Tetracycline or Chloramphenicol in Contact with Human Skin Fibroblasts for Wound Dressing Treatment

“…Synthetic materials such as polystyrene (PS), poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyglycolic lactide (PLGA), polyurethane (PU), polylactic acid (PLA), and polycaprolactone (PCL) − and also materials extracted from biological resources such as silk fibroin, cellulose-based polymers, alginate, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, among others have been processed to generate fibrous matrices. These examples are only a part of the versatility of electrospinning when it comes to processing a wide range of polymers.…”

Sustainable surgical masks: optimizing fine/ultrafine particle filtration using PVA/chitosan electrospun nanofibers

“…73 While electrospinning of natural polymers presents challenges, [74][75][76] progress has been made using modified materials, such as cellulose acetate 77 and blends like PVA/CS. [78][79][80] PVA/CS is a blend broadly explored as a biomaterial for food packaging, 81 drug delivery, 82 tissue regeneration, and wound dressing. 79,83,84 It also shows promising properties for air filtration, 80 as demonstrated in our previous study.…”

“…[78][79][80] PVA/CS is a blend broadly explored as a biomaterial for food packaging, 81 drug delivery, 82 tissue regeneration, and wound dressing. 79,83,84 It also shows promising properties for air filtration, 80 as demonstrated in our previous study. 78 In this study, we evaluated the air filtration efficiency of electrospun nanofibers using NaCl nanoparticles to simulate aerosols and bioaerosols at the nanoscale size.…”

“…73 While electrospinning of natural polymers presents challenges, 74–76 progress has been made using modified materials, such as cellulose acetate 77 and blends like PVA/CS. 78–80…”