“…In particular, resonant cavities such as micro-ring resonators [13], [14], whispering gallery mode resonators [15], disks [16], droplet resonators [17], [18], grated rings [19], and photonic crystals [20] are regarded as attractive devices for bio-sensing applications, and have been explored experimentally extensively, as well as theoretically, through simulations [21], [22]. The surface binding causes a change in the effective index of the propagating mode that is translated into a shift in the resonant wavelength position [23].…”