ELEGANT: A flexible SDDS-compliant code for accelerator simulation

Abstract

elegant (ELEctron Generation ANd Tracking) is the principle accelerator simulation code used at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) for circular and one-pass machines. Capabilities include 6-D tracking using matrices up to third order, canonical integration, and numerical integration. Standard beamline elements are supported, as well as coherent synchrotron radiation, wakefields, rf elements, kickers, apertures, scattering, and more. In addition to tracking with and without errors, elegant performs optimization of tracked properties, as well as computation and optimization of Twiss parameters, radiation integrals, matrices, and floor coordinates. Orbit/trajectory, tune, and chromaticity correction are supported. elegant is fully compliant with the Self Describing Data Sets [1, 2] (SDDS) file protocol, and hence uses the SDDS Toolkit for pre-and postprocessing. This permits users to prepare scripts to run the code in a flexible and automated fashion. It is particularly well suited to multistage simulation and concurrent simulation on many workstations. Several examples of complex projects performed with elegant are given, including topup safety analysis of the APS and design of the APS bunch compressor.

Conceptual and Technical Design Aspects of Accelerators for External Injection in LWFA

“…Comparison of the jitter tolerances corresponding to three typical working points in which the beam is compressed by velocity bunching (VB), magnetic compression (MC) or their combination (VB+MC). The tolerances have been studied in reference [77] using the code Elegant [79]. The elements in the table are defined in Figure 6.…”

Much Ado about Microbunching: Coherent Bunching in High Brightness Electron Beams

“…We emphasize that we have not fully optimized the lattice, but use it merely as a demonstration to study tolerances. We then simulate the CHG process by particle tracking in elegant [6]. The simulations include incoherent synchrotron radiation (ISR) and first and second order transport elements for both longitudinal and transverse motion.…”

“…In a high-brightness linear accelerator, as used for a high-gain free electron laser (FEL), impedance effects along the accelerator can drive a periodic microbunching instability that degrades the electron beam qualities [6,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. Longitudinal space charge (LSC) forces may dominate microbunching gain at wavelengths shorter than the electron bunch [21,22,23,24].…”

“…The FEL performance was determined by energy loss scans, which measure the energy loss of the electrons due to the FEL process [5]. We note that even at the nominal heating level, the harmonic content only reached 0.2%, 6.5 Bunching factor at two wavelengths with 0.15% bandwidth from elegant [6] simulation (parameters in Table 7.1). Bunching is lower than for the 1D case because of 2nd order effects 7.10 In a system without RF, the modulation both drives SSMB and replaces the energy loss due to synchrotron radiation.…”

Interim Design Report

“…Despite the large initial energy spread, the particle tracking simulation through the linac does not predict any significant emittance growth [228]. Results of the simulation are illustrated in figure 45 which shows the longitudinal phase-space at the end of the linac as simulated by ELEGANT [279,280]; tracking through the individual field maps of the linac's RF cavities and solenoids (figure 45a) and by a simple matrix based code OptiM [281] (figure 45b). …”