Elevated circulating erythrocyte micronuclei in fishes from contaminated sites off Southern California

Hose, Jo Ellen; Cross, Jeffrey N.; Smith, Steven G.; Diehl, Dario W.

doi:10.1016/0141-1136(87)90034-1

Cited by 105 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Furthermore, it has been successfully applied for the in situ detection of mutagenicity in polluted environment. A significant increase in MN frequency in erythrocytes of fish collected in polluted marine or fresh water environments, compared to fish collected in reference sites was in fact observed by different authors [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by X-rays and colchicine

Gustavino

Scornajenghi

Minissi

et al. 2001

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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In the present work the induction of micronuclei in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio treated with X-rays and colchicine is studied for the evaluation of mutagenic effects of both clastogenic and mitoclastic (spindle poisoning) agents in this system.Three different experiments were performed treating groups of laboratory-reproduced animals with (1) single doses of X-rays (0.1, 0.5 and 2 Gy); (2) a single i.p. injection of colchicine at the concentrations: 1.6 × 10 −2 , 8× 10 −2 , 0.4 and 2 mg/kg b.w. so as to mimic an acute exposure to the agent and (3) six repeated i.p. injections of the first three concentrations of colchicine, over a period of 18 days, so as to mimic a chronic exposure. Repeated blood samplings were performed by cardiac puncture over a period of about 2 months after the treatment and micronucleus frequencies were determined at multiple times on the same individuals after mutagen exposure. A dose-dependent increase in the micronucleus frequency was observed in irradiated fish and a peak value detected at 21 days. Slight increases of micronucleus frequencies were also observed in both colchicine experiments only for the highest concentrations at the earliest sampling time. Higher concentrations of colchicine clearly showed a lethal effect. According to the present data the micronucleus frequency induced by the highest colchicine dose is comparable to that observed after 0.1 Gy of X-ray irradiation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by X-rays and colchicine

Gustavino

Scornajenghi

Minissi

et al. 2001

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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“…Among the cytogenetic methods, the micronuclei assay in erythrocytes is a simple, reliable and sensitive technique (Klingerman, FIGURE 2 -Damage class levels of H 2 O 2 from 0 to 4 in comet assay. 1982), applied to any fish species regardless of karyotype characteristics (Hose et al, 1987).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro genotoxicity studies of aqueous extract of Xanthium spinosum

Güez

Waczuk

Pereira

et al. 2012

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The use of plants as a source of palliative or cure for pathological conditions is quite common worldwide. Xanthium spinosum (Asteraceae), popularly known in Brazil as 'espinho de carneiro', is an annual weed from South America, which has been used by empiric medicine to treat neoplasias. Owing to the extensive use of the above-mentioned plant and to the lack of reports about the real effects of its infusion, current study evaluated the genotoxic potential of its aqueous extract at concentrations 0.02 g L -1 , 0.1 g L -1 and 0.2 g L -1 by fish micronucleus test and by comet human leukocytes assay. The micronucleus test featured at least 50 cells with micronuclei to every 2,000 cells scored, as a mutagenic parameter. The comet assay was used as a parameter for assessing the level of cell damage and the damage index. Since no significant changes in strain cells exposed to the aqueous extract in the comet and micronucleus assays were reported, it seems that no genotoxicity evidence is extant at the concentrations and in the assays performed.Uniterms: Xanthium spinosum/pharmacognosy. Xanthium spinosum/aqueous extract/genotoxicity. Fish micronucleus assay. Comet assay.Em diversos lugares do mundo a utilização de plantas como fonte paliativa ou de cura para determinadas condições patológicas é bastante comum. No Brasil, essa prática não se torna diferente devido à ampla biodiversidade da fauna e flora presentes no País. Nesse contexto, surge a Xanthium spinosum (Asteraceae), conhecida popularmente como "espinho-de-carneiro", um arbusto anual introduzido na América do Sul, o qual tem sido utilizado empiricamente no tratamento de neoplasias. Sabendo do extensivo uso dessa planta em contrapartida com nenhum estudo reportando os reais efeitos de sua infusão, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a genotoxicidade do extrato aquoso nas concentrações de 0,02 g L -1 , 0,1 g L -1 e 0,2 g L -1 , através do ensaio do micronúcleo písceo e do ensaio cometa em leucócitos de sangue humano. O ensaio do micronúcleo tem como parâmetro mutagênico a presença de no mínimo 50 células com micronúcleo em uma contagem de 2.000 células por amostra, enquanto o ensaio cometa utiliza como parâmetro o nível de dano e o índice de dano. Os resultados mostram que não foi possível observar mudanças significativas nas células expostas ao extrato aquoso, em ambos os testes, o que sugere não existir evidência de genotoxicidade nas concentrações utilizadas no ensaio.Unitermos: Xanthium spinosum/farmacognosia. Xanthium spinosum/extrato aquoso/genotoxicidade. Ensaio do micronúcleo písceo. Ensaio cometa.

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“…According to many authors (Hooftman & de Raat, 1982;Hose et al, 1987;Pacheco & Santos, 1997;Ayllon & GarciaVazquez, 2000;Ayllon & Garcia-Vazquez, 2000;Gravato & Santos, 2002;Kirschbaum et al, 2009) the observation of variations in the nucleus shape could represent an alternative approach to detect cyto-genotoxicity. Preliminary observations strongly suggest that such morphological alterations may be a manifestation of the effects of xenobiotics (Ayllon & GarciaVazquez, 2000;Gravato & Santos, 2002;Kirschbaum, et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micronuclei assay detects both clastogenic and aneugenic effects and therefore can detect the genotoxicity of a wide range of compounds (Heddle et al, 1991). Nuclear abnormalities, such as micronuclei and other nuclear malformations, are considered good indicators of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, respectively (Hose et al, 1987;Metcalfe, 1988;Pacheco & Santos, 1996, 1997Sanchez-Galan et al, 1998;Ayllon & Garcia-Vazquez, 2000;Ayllon & Garcia-Vasquez, 2001, Kirschbaum, et al, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Toxicity and Cyto-genotoxicity Biomarkers in the Fish Oreochromis niloticus (Cichlidae)

Seriani¹,

Abessa²,

Kirschbaum³

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicol. Environ. Contam.

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Micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) tests were used as biomarkers in the fish Oreochromis niloticus from a polluted pond in winter, spring and summer. Samples of water column were taken aiming to evaluate physical-chemical parameters and acute toxicity to the microcrustacean Daphnia similis. The pond waters were toxic to D. similis in spring and winter, but this toxicity was not detected in summer. The pond waters presented low levels of dissolved oxygen in spring and summer; higher ammonia concentrations in winter, and high hardness and conductivity. Fish collected at the polluted pond exhibited higher rates of DNA damage, as indicated by increased rates of MN and NA in erythrocytes when compared to the negative control, which were associated to water toxicity and physical-chemical variable. Thus, this study shows that results of water toxicity tests and genotoxic biomarkers in fish may be associated and theses approaches may be used together for the water quality assessment.Keywords: fish, cyto-genotoxicity, pollution, ecotoxicology, water quality. Toxicidade da água e biomarcadores de citogenotoxicidade em Oreochromis niloticus (CiChlidae) ResumoNo presente estudo foi utilizado o teste do micronúcleo (MN) e de anomalias na morfologia dos núcleos de eritrócitos periféricos (NA) do peixe Oreochromis niloticus para avaliar o potencial cito-genotóxico de substâncias tóxicas encontradas na água durante inverno, primavera e verão em um lago poluído. Amostras de água foram coletadas para avaliar parâmetros físico-químicos e toxicidade aguda para o microcrustáceo Daphnia similis. Os resultados indicaram baixos teores de oxigênio dissolvido na água durante a primavera e no verão, elevados níveis de amônia no inverno, além de dureza e condutividade altas e toxicidade aguda na primavera e no inverno, não assim no verão. Os peixes também apresentaram danos cito-genotóxicos, em todas as coletas, e que foram associados com a toxicidade e os parâmetros físico-químicos da água. Nesse sentido o presente estudo mostra que os resultados de testes de toxicidade aguda e de biomarcadores de cito-genotóxicidade em peixes podem estar associados e podem ser utilizados de forma conjunta para na avaliação da qualidade das águas.Palavras-chave: peixes, cito-genotoxicidade, poluição, ecotoxicologia, qualidade de água.

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Elevated circulating erythrocyte micronuclei in fishes from contaminated sites off Southern California

Cited by 105 publications

References 14 publications

Micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by X-rays and colchicine

Micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by X-rays and colchicine

In vivo and in vitro genotoxicity studies of aqueous extract of Xanthium spinosum

Water Toxicity and Cyto-genotoxicity Biomarkers in the Fish Oreochromis niloticus (Cichlidae)

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