Elevated CO2 concentration, fertilization and their interaction: growth stimulation in a short-rotation poplar coppice (EUROFACE)

Liberloo, Marion; Dillen, Sophie Y.; Calfapietra, Carlo; Marinari, Sara; Luo, Zhi; Angelis, Paolo De; Ceulemans, R.

doi:10.1093/treephys/25.2.179

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…4). In several OTC studies with CO 2 and N manipulations, poplar seedlings and saplings (≈1-5 years old) had greater plant growth stimulation by elevated [CO 2 ] at high rather than at low N supply after two years in Michigan (Zak et al, 2000) and Italy (Liberloo et al, 2005) and three years in Iceland (Sigurdson et al, 2001). Higher root biomass could increase root respiration and rhizosphere microbial respiration.…”

Section: Interactive Effect Of Elevated [Co 2 ] and N Addition On Soimentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Global climate change in the real world always exhibits simultaneous changes in multiple factors. Prediction of ecosystem responses to multi-factor global changes in a future world strongly relies on our understanding of their interactions. However, it is still unclear how nitrogen (N) deposition and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO 2 ] would interactively influence forest floor soil respiration in subtropical China. We assessed the main and interactive effects of elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition on soil respiration by growing tree seedlings in ten large open-top chambers under CO 2 (ambient CO 2 and 700 µmol mol −1 ) and nitrogen (ambient and 100 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) treatments. Soil respiration, soil temperature and soil moisture were measured for 30 months, as well as above-ground biomass, root biomass and soil organic matter (SOM). Results showed that soil respiration displayed strong seasonal patterns with higher values observed in the wet season (April-September) and lower values in the dry season (October-March) in all treatments. Significant exponential relationships between soil respiration rates and soil temperatures, as well as significant linear relationships between soil respiration rates and soil moistures (below 15%) were found. Both CO 2 and N treatments significantly affected soil respiration, and there was significant interaction between elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, and p = 0.006, respectively). We also observed that the stimulatory effect of individual elevated [CO 2 ] (about 29% increased) was maintained throughout the experimental period. The positive effect of N addition was found only in 2006 (8.17% increased), and then had been weakened over time. Their combined effect on soil respiration (about 50% increased) was greater thanCorrespondence to: D. Zhang (zhangdeq@scbg.ac.cn) the impact of either one alone. Mean value of annual soil respiration was 5.32 ± 0.08, 4.54 ± 0.10, 3.56 ± 0.03 and 3.53 ± 0.03 kg CO 2 m −2 yr −1 in the chambers exposed to elevated [CO 2 ] and high N deposition (CN), elevated [CO 2 ] and ambient N deposition (CC), ambient [CO 2 ] and high N deposition (NN), and ambient [CO 2 ] and ambient N deposition (CK as a control), respectively. Greater above-ground biomass and root biomass was obtained in the CN, CC and NN treatments, and higher soil organic matter was observed only in the CN treatment. In conclusion, the combined effect of elevated [CO 2 ] and N addition on soil respiration was apparent interaction. They should be evaluated in combination in subtropical forest ecosystems in China where the atmospheric CO 2 and N deposition have been increasing simultaneously and remarkably.

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Section: Interactive Effect Of Elevated [Co 2 ] and N Addition On Soimentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

et al. 2010

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“…This study focused on P. nigra L. (Jean Pourtet) since it produced the most aboveground woody biomass under elevated CO 2 or nitrogen fertilisation among three poplar species investigated in a previous study (Liberloo et al 2005). The plantation had been coppiced after 3 years, because the trees had reached heights of 9 m ).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-based secondary metabolites and internal nitrogen pools in Populus nigra under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) and nitrogen fertilisation

et al. 2008

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The goal of this study was to investigate whether increased nitrogen use efficiency found in Populus nigra L. (Jean Pourtet) under elevated CO 2 would correlate with changes in the production of carbon-based secondary compounds (CBSCs). Using Free-Air CO 2 Enrichment (FACE) technology, a poplar plantation was exposed to either ambient (about 370 µmol mol −1 CO 2 ) or elevated (about 550 µmol mol −1 CO 2 ) [CO 2 ] for 5 years. After three growing seasons, the plantation was coppiced and half of the experimental plots were fertilized with nitrogen. CBSCs, total nitrogen and lignin-bound nitrogen were quantified in secondary sprouts in seasons of active growth and dormancy during 2 years after coppicing. Neither elevated CO 2 nor nitrogen fertilisation alone or in combination influenced lignin concentrations in wood. Soluble phenolics and soluble proteins in wood decreased slightly in response to elevated CO 2 . Higher nitrogen supply stimulated formation of CBSCs and increased protein concentrations. Lignin-bound nitrogen in wood ranged from 0.37-1.01 mg N g −1 dry mass accounting for 17-26% of total nitrogen in wood, thus, forming a sizeable nitrogen fraction resistant to chemical degradation. The concentration of this nitrogen fraction was significantly decreased by elevated CO 2 , increased in response to nitrogen fertilisation and showed a significant CO 2 × fertilisation interaction. Seasonal changes markedly affected the internal nitrogen pools. Soluble proteins in wood were 52-143% higher in the dormant than in the growth season. Positive correlations existed between the biosynthesis of proteins and CBSCs. The limited responses to elevated CO 2 and nitrogen fertilisation indicate that Plant Soil (2008) 304:45-57 growth and defence are well orchestrated in P. nigra and that changes in the balance of both resourcesnitrogen and C-have only marginal effects on wood chemistry.

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“…In previous studies (Liberloo et al 2005(Liberloo et al , 2006, we showed that poplars growing in a CO 2 enriched atmosphere (EUROFACE) increased their aboveground biomass production up to 29 %, whereby elevated CO 2 and fertilization modified the diameter frequency distribution and mortality of the poplar shoots. To our knowledge, the combined effects of elevated [CO 2 ] and fertilization on woody tissue respiration of different size classes of poplar shoots have not been investigated before.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…However, in our study elevated [CO 2 ] did not decrease the CO 2 efflux in the unfertilized plots. Several other studies in the EUROFACE project could not detect any effect of fertilization on poplar trees growing in elevated [CO 2 ] , Liberloo et al 2005, 2007. Soil analysis indicated that the nitrogen availability in the EUROFACE plantation did not decrease, even after six years of growth in elevated [CO 2 ] (Hoosbeek et al 2004, Liberloo et al 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Stem CO<sub>2</sub> efflux of a Populus nigra stand: effects of elevated CO<sub>2</sub>, fertilization, and shoot size

Liberloo¹,

Angelis²,

Ceulemans³

2008

Biologia plant.

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To determine whether long-term growth in elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration [CO 2 ] and nitrogen fertilization affects woody tissue CO 2 efflux, we measured stem CO 2 efflux as a function of temperature in three different size classes of shoots of Populus nigra L. (clone Jean Pourtet) on two occasions in 2004. Trees were growing in a short rotation coppice in ambient (370 µmol mol -1 ) and elevated (550 µmol mol -1 , realised by a Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment system) [CO 2 ], and measurements were performed during the third growing season of the second rotation. Elevated CO 2 did not affect Q 10 or specific stem CO 2 efflux (E 10 ) of overall poplar shoots. The lack of any effect of N on stem CO 2 efflux indicated that nutrients were sufficient. Specific stem CO 2 efflux differed significantly between shoot sizes, emphasizing the importance of tree size when scaling-up respiration measurements to the stand level. Variation in stem CO 2 efflux could not be satisfactorily explained by temperature as the only driving variable. We hypothesize that transport of CO 2 with the sapflow might have confounded our results and could explain the high Q 10 values reported here. Predicting the respiratory carbon loss in a future elevated [CO 2 ] world must therefore move beyond the single-factor temperature dependent respiration model and involve multiple factors affecting stem CO 2 efflux rate.

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Elevated CO2 concentration, fertilization and their interaction: growth stimulation in a short-rotation poplar coppice (EUROFACE)

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

Responses of soil respiration to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in young subtropical forest ecosystems in China

Carbon-based secondary metabolites and internal nitrogen pools in Populus nigra under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) and nitrogen fertilisation

Stem CO<sub>2</sub> efflux of a Populus nigra stand: effects of elevated CO<sub>2</sub>, fertilization, and shoot size

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