Elevated CO2 improves glucosinolate metabolism and stimulates anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of broccoli sprouts

Almuhayawi, Mohammed S.; AbdElgawad, Hamada; Jaouni, Soad K. Al; Selim, Samy; Hassan, Abdelrahim H. A.; Khamis, Galal

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127102

Cited by 55 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Burčul et al [36] showed that GSLs derived isothiocyanates are promising inhibitors of COX-2 enzymes. Almuhayawi et al [37] showed results that increased accumulation of GSLs is linked with increased inhibition of LOX, COX-1, and COX-2 enzymes. This hypothesis should be confirmed in further studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies on Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Microshoot Cultures Grown in RITA® Temporary Immersion Systems

et al. 2020

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The main compounds in both extracts were gluconasturtiin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin and rutoside, the amounts of which were, respectively, determined as 182.93, 58.86 and 23.24 mg/100 g dry weight (DW) in biomass extracts and 640.94, 23.47 and 7.20 mg/100 g DW in plant herb extracts. The antioxidant potential of all the studied extracts evaluated using CUPRAC (CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Activity), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma), and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assays was comparable. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was tested based on the inhibition of 15-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and phospholipase A2. The results demonstrate significantly higher inhibition of COX-2 for in vitro cultured biomass compared with the herb extracts (75.4 and 41.1%, respectively). Moreover, all the studied extracts showed almost similar antibacterial and antifungal potential. Based on these findings, and due to the fact that the growth of in vitro microshoots is independent of environmental conditions and unaffected by environmental pollution, we propose that biomass that can be rapidly grown in RITA® bioreactors can serve as an alternative source of bioactive compounds with valuable biological properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies on Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Microshoot Cultures Grown in RITA® Temporary Immersion Systems

et al. 2020

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“…Thus, improving the phytochemical content of these plants, particularly their sprouts, is expected to enhance their health-promoting and functional food values. To enhance the nutritional and health-promoting effects of plants and their sprouts, several techniques that make use of environmental conditions have been applied to improve the production of nutritive phytochemicals [20][21][22]. In this regard, the application of laser light as the light source for plant production is a newly growing area of research and the possible positive effects of laser light on growing plants have been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser light is classified into pulsed and continuous lasers. The continuous laser (e.g., He-Ne) and elevated CO 2 have been employed in improving plant and sprout mass and bioactivity [20,21]. For example, He-Ne laser light improved fresh weight, increased minerals and antioxidant metabolites, and boosted the antioxidant capacity and the anti-inflammatory activities of buckwheat sprouts [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Light Treatment of Seeds for Improving the Biomass Photosynthesis, Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lemongrass Sprouts

et al. 2021

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Compared to seeds and mature plants, sprouts are well characterized based on their nutritive values and biological properties. Moreover, laser light application is known to be a promising approach to improving plant growth, photosynthesis, and nutraceutical values. However, no studies have investigated the phytochemicals and biological activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon proximus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Chiov.) sprouts or the further improvement of their quality by applying laser light treatment. We carried out a preliminary experiment for the optimization of laser treatment conditions, finding that a helium neon (He–Ne) laser at 632 nm and 5 mW for 5 min provided the most favorable conditions. We then investigated fresh weight, photosynthetic reactions, and primary and secondary metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, organic acids, essential oils, and phenolic compounds. Moreover, we studied the effect of laser light-induced changes in chemical compositions on the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-cholesterol activities of Cymbopogon proximus sprouts grown from laser-treated seeds. Laser light treatment increased the photosynthesis and respiration and hence the fresh weight of Cymbopogon proximus sprouts. Overall, sprouting increased most bioactive primary and secondary metabolites as compared to seeds. Increased photosynthesis by laser light improved carbon allocation and raised non-structural carbohydrates, which in turn led to improved synthesis of amino acids, organic acids, and essential oils, as well as phenolic and flavonoid compounds. As a result, laser light significantly improved the antioxidant capacity in terms of increasing the levels of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (from 9.5 to 21 µmole trolox/g fresh weight (FW)), oxygen radical absorbance (ORAC) (from 400 to 1100 µmole trolox/100 g FW), and DPPH (from 5% to 25% of inhibation) and enhanced the hypocholesterolemic and antidiabetic activity through increasing the percentage of cholesterol micellar solubility (CMS) inhibition (from 42% to 62%) and glycemic index (from 33 to 17 µmole/g) over sprouts and seeds. In conclusion, the synergism of seed laser treatment and sprouting induced the health-promoting bioactive compounds in Cymbopogon proximus as compared to seeds, which can be applied at a large scale to improve the biochemical, physiological, and nutraceutical values of medicinal and crop sprouts.

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“…1 filter paper) and concentrated by using a rotary evaporator, the samples were stored at −80 • C until use. The in vitro cytotoxicity of T. ammi extracts against human tumor cell lines-namely cell lines hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), colon carcinoma (Colo205), embryonic kidney adenocarcinoma (293) and urinary bladder carcinoma (T24P)-was carried out following the protocol described in Almuhayawi et al [17]. Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (10% fetal calf serum, Na-pyruvate, 1mg/0.1 mL streptomycin, 1U/0.1 mL penicillin) was used as a medium which was supplied with the seeds and sprout extracts (0.02 mg/mL).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Biological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach could provide the precursor and metabolic energy needed for the formation of different phytochemicals. Hence, eCO 2 fertilization could be an effective way to improve the nutritional and health-promoting values of plants [17]. The effect of CO 2 fertilization on the growth and accumulation of bioactive phytochemicals was reported in several plant species, such as broccoli sprouts [18] and buckwheat sprouts [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory Assessment to Evaluate Seed Sprouting under Elevated CO2 Revealed Improved Biomass, Physiology, and Nutritional Value of Trachyspermum ammi

et al. 2021

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Elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) can significantly enhance plant metabolism and improve their nutritional quality. Although several studies addressed the effect of eCO2 on plants, to our knowledge, there are no studies that have applied eCO2 to improve growth, chemical composition, and biological properties of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) during sprouting. Herein, eCO2 (620 µmol mol−1) was employed to enhance photosynthetic reactions. Improved photosynthesis induced primary and bioactive secondary metabolism, which led to improved biological activities of T. ammi sprouts in comparison with control sprouts and seeds. eCO2-treated sprouts showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of most measured nutritional primary and secondary metabolites like soluble sugars, essential amino acids, organic acids, essential oils, phenolics, and flavonoids than control sprouts, which had significantly higher values than control seeds. eCO2 significantly improved the antimicrobial properties of T. ammi sprouts against 11 out of 13 microbial species than control sprouts, which had more potent antimicrobial activities than seeds. The significant increase in the antioxidant potential of treated sprouts was indicated by improved levels of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). In addition, the anticancer activity against four different human tumor cell lines was significantly (p < 0.05) boosted by both sprouting and eCO2 exposure. Thus, the present study confirms the synergistic effect of sprouting with eCO2 exposure as promising approaches to produce ajwain sprouts with rich nutraceuticals, effective phytochemicals, and enhanced biological activities.

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Elevated CO2 improves glucosinolate metabolism and stimulates anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of broccoli sprouts

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies on Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Microshoot Cultures Grown in RITA® Temporary Immersion Systems

Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies on Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Microshoot Cultures Grown in RITA® Temporary Immersion Systems

Laser Light Treatment of Seeds for Improving the Biomass Photosynthesis, Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lemongrass Sprouts

Exploratory Assessment to Evaluate Seed Sprouting under Elevated CO2 Revealed Improved Biomass, Physiology, and Nutritional Value of Trachyspermum ammi

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