Elevated folate levels in amniotic fluid after oral supplementation

Steegers‐Theunissen, R.P.M.; Steegers, Eric A.P.; Boer, R. de; Thomas, Chris M.G.; Kloosterman, M. D.; Eskes, T.K.A.B.

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(90)90212-j

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although information about folate in amniotic fluid is scarce, recent reports indicate that folate concentrations in amniotic fluid obtained during the second trimester range between 3 and 23 nmol/L [6,13,21,26]. These findings are consistent with the mean folate level of 21 nmol/L at around 17 weeks gestation found in the present study.…”

Section: Folatesupporting

confidence: 95%

“…These findings are consistent with the mean folate level of 21 nmol/L at around 17 weeks gestation found in the present study. Recently, STEEGERS-THEUNISSEN et al [21] reported that plasma folate levels were significantly correlated with amniotic fluid levels. However, they did not find such a relationship between amniotic fluid and RBC folate concentrations.…”

Section: Folatementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although nutrient concentrations in amniotic fluid may not always represent the nutriture of the fetus, nutrient determinations of both amniotic fluid and maternal blood might provide a better picture of fetal nutriture than biochemical nutritional assessment using maternal blood alone. However, a few studies examined the relationship between amniotic fluid and maternal blood nutrient levels during pregnancy, hence sufficient information is not available [21,25,28], Therefore, we untertook this study to determine nutrient levels in amniotic fluid and blood samples which were obtained simultaneously from a total of 76 pregnant women at around 17 weeks gestation. The nutrients determined included folate, vitamin B-12, zinc, copper and iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between amniotic fluid and maternal blood nutrient levels

Tamura¹,

Weekes²,

Birch³

et al. 1994

Jpme

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To study the relationships between amniotic fluid and maternal blood nutrient concentrations, we obtained amniotic fluid and blood samples simultaneously from 76 pregnant women at around 17 weeks gestation. Folate and vitamin B-12 levels were measured by microbiological assay and radioassay, respectively, and zinc, copper and iron levels by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Mean concentrations of plasma and red blood cell (RBC) folate and plasma copper of the pregnant women were 38 (+/- 1, SD), 1,501 (+/- 374) nmol/L, and 32.7 (+/- 4.8) mumol/L, respectively, all of which were higher than those of healthy non-pregnant controls (p < 0.001). Mean concentrations of plasma vitamin B-12, zinc and iron levels and RBC zinc were 320 (+/- 130) pmol/L, 12.2 (+/- 2.3), 21.7 (+/- 6.1) and 177 (+/- 30) mumol/L and these were similar to those of non-pregnant controls. Amniotic fluid folate, zinc, copper and iron concentrations were 21 (+/- 13) nmol/L, 1.4 (+/- 0.6), 1.7 (+/- 0.6) and 6.8 (+/- 2.1) mumol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than plasma levels (p < 0.001). However, this relationship was reversed for vitamin B-12 (650 +/- 420 pmol/L). Significant correlations were found between amniotic fluid and maternal plasma and RBC for folate, and between amniotic fluid and maternal plasma for vitamin B-12 (p < 0.001). No such correlations were observed for zinc, copper and iron. There was no correlation between amniotic fluid and/or blood nutrient concentrations and pregnancy outcome including birth weight of infants.

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Section: Folatesupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Folatementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship between amniotic fluid and maternal blood nutrient levels

Tamura¹,

Weekes²,

Birch³

et al. 1994

Jpme

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“…Folate being an essential component for many crucial cellular events such as DNA synthesis, repair and methylation; its depletion in maternal diet might adversely affect the foetus. Folate supplementation was found to increase plasma/ amniotic fluid folate levels and reduce plasma homocysteine (Steegers-Theunissen et al, 1990;Nelen et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Paradoxical role of C1561T glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) genetic polymorphism in altering disease susceptibility

Divyya

Naushad

Addlagatta

et al. 2012

Gene

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“…30 FA supplementation has been associated with elevated folate levels in amniotic fluid. 31 In late first trimester, the maternal-to-fetal exchange of nutrients begins and high folate levels reach the fetus and placenta. Umbilical folate concentrations exceed maternal concentrations 32 and, although investigated at birth only, embryonic concentrations may well begin to rise towards the end of the first trimester, thus potentially leading to the down-regulation of folate-dependent enzymes and uptake, resulting in the inhibition of DNA synthesis and growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimal periconception maternal folate status for embryonic size: the Rotterdam Predict study

Uitert

Ginkel

Willemsen³

et al. 2014

BJOG

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MethodsWe recruited women before 8 weeks of gestation and performed weekly three-dimensional ultrasound scans from enrolment up to 13 weeks of gestation. As a measure of embryonic growth, crown-rump length (CRL) measurements were performed using V-Scope software in the BARCO I-Space. Maternal blood was collected to determine first-trimester long-term red blood cell (RBC) folate status. Non-malformed live births were included in the analysis. We calculated quartiles of RBC folate, square root-transformed CRL data and performed multivariable linear mixed model analyses. Conclusions This study suggests that a very high maternal periconception folate status is associated with reduced embryonic size. Whether these effects are beneficial or harmful requires further investigation.

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Elevated folate levels in amniotic fluid after oral supplementation

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Relationship between amniotic fluid and maternal blood nutrient levels

Relationship between amniotic fluid and maternal blood nutrient levels

Paradoxical role of C1561T glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) genetic polymorphism in altering disease susceptibility

An optimal periconception maternal folate status for embryonic size: the Rotterdam Predict study

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