Elevated marine terraces from Eleuthera (Bahamas) and Bermuda: sedimentological, petrographic and geochronological evidence for important deglaciation events during the middle Pleistocene

Kindler, Pascal; Hearty, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/s0921-8181(99)00068-5

Cited by 58 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Howard, 1997;Rohling et al, 1998;Droxler and Farrell, 2000). Similar high sea-levels have also been proposed in The Bahamas (Kindler and Hearty, 2000) and Oahu, Hawaii (Hearty, 2002). In Bermuda, MIS 11 marine deposits have been described in karstic caves at Government Quarry.…”

Section: High Mis Sea-levels In Bermuda Bahamas Hawaii and Sussex (Uk)supporting

confidence: 63%

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

Bowen

2010

Clim. Past

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Abstract. Comparison of the sea-level today with that of 400 000 years ago (MIS 11), when the Earth's orbital characteristics were similar may provide, under conditions of natural variability, indications of future sea-level during the present interglacial. Then, as now, orbital eccentricity was low and precession dampened. Evidence for MIS 11 sealevel occurs on uplifting coastlines where shorelines with geochronological ages have been preserved. The sea-level term and the uplift term may be separated with an "uplift correction" formula. This discovers the original sea-level at which the now uplifted shoreline was fashioned. Estimates are based on average uplift rates of the "last interglacial" sealevel (MIS 5.5) using a range of estimates for sea-level and age at that time at different locations. These, with varying secular tectonic regimes in different ocean basins, provide a band of estimates for the MIS 11 sea-level. They do not support the hypothesis of an MIS 11 sea-level at ∼20 m, and instead show that it was closer to its present level.

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Section: High Mis Sea-levels In Bermuda Bahamas Hawaii and Sussex (Uk)supporting

confidence: 63%

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

Bowen

2010

Clim. Past

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“…1). The eastern side of Eleuthera is characterized by a steep marginal escarpment that extends down to the abyssal ocean floor at depths of over 1 km (Kindler and Hearty 2000). The eastern coast of northern Eleuthera contains high cliffs ([20 m) that are composed of vertically stacked carbonate units and paleosols (Kindler and Hearty 2000;Kindler et al 2006).…”

Section: San Salvador Island and Eleutheramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eastern side of Eleuthera is characterized by a steep marginal escarpment that extends down to the abyssal ocean floor at depths of over 1 km (Kindler and Hearty 2000). The eastern coast of northern Eleuthera contains high cliffs ([20 m) that are composed of vertically stacked carbonate units and paleosols (Kindler and Hearty 2000;Kindler et al 2006). Lithologic units seen on Eleuthera correspond with interglacial sea-level highstands and potentially correlate with isotope stages 5e, 7 and 9 (Kindler and Hearty 2000).…”

Section: San Salvador Island and Eleutheramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eastern coast of northern Eleuthera contains high cliffs ([20 m) that are composed of vertically stacked carbonate units and paleosols (Kindler and Hearty 2000;Kindler et al 2006). Lithologic units seen on Eleuthera correspond with interglacial sea-level highstands and potentially correlate with isotope stages 5e, 7 and 9 (Kindler and Hearty 2000). Determination of the age relationships between the rocks on Eleuthera and the stratigraphy from other islands, namely San Salvador, is still being investigated (Kindler et al 2006).…”

Section: San Salvador Island and Eleutheramentioning

confidence: 99%

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A qualitative and quantitative model for climate-driven lake formation on carbonate platforms based on examples from the Bahamian archipelago

Boush

Myrbo

Michelson

2014

Carbonates Evaporites

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Lakes on carbonate platform islands such as the Bahamas display wide variability in morphometry, chemistry, and fauna. These parameters are ultimately driven by climate, sea level, and carbonate accumulation and dissolution. The authors propose a model that integrates climatological, geomorphological, and stratigraphic frameworks to understand processes of carbonate-hosted lake formation and limnological characteristics in modern day environments, with applications to carbonate lake sedimentary records. Fifty-two lakes from San Salvador Island and Eleuthera, Bahamas, were examined for water chemistry, basin morphology, conduit development, conductivity, and major ions. Using non-metric, multidimensional scaling ordination methods, the authors derived a model dividing lakes into either constructional or destructional formational modes. Constructional lakes were further divided into pre-highstand and highstand types based on whether their formation occurred during a marine regressive or transgressive phase. Destructional lakes are created continually by dissolution of bedrock at fresh/saline water interfaces and their formation is therefore related to changing climate and sea level. This model shows that lake formation is influenced by the hydrologic balance associated with climatic conditions that drives karst dissolution as well as the deposition of aeolian dune ridges that isolate basins due to sea-level fluctuations. It allows for testing and examining the climatic and hydrologic regime as related to carbonate accumulation and dissolution through time, and for an improved understanding of lake sensitivity and response to climate as preserved in the lacustrine sedimentary record.

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“…The most important question is therefore not whether a global glaciation is upon us (it is not), but just how warm and/or unstable the extended interglacial period ahead will be. If the future is anything similar to the last exceptionally long interglacial period (MIS 11), then sea level might be expected to rise by tens of metres (Hearty et al 1999;Kindler & Hearty 2000). Although we cannot at present be sure of this sea-level extrapolation, we should consider it seriously given that global mean temperature has probably already risen halfway to MIS 11 levels since pre-industrial times (Hansen et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Facing future climate change: is the past relevant?

Skinner

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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From a socio-economic perspective, the 'sharp end' of climate research is very much about looking forward in time. As far as possible, we need to know what to expect and approximately when to expect it. However, it is argued here that our approach to climate change (including its scientific basis and its policy implications) is firmly linked to our understanding of the past. This is mainly due to the role played by palaeoclimate reconstructions in shaping our expectations of the climate system, in particular via their ability to test the accuracy of our climate models. Importantly, this includes the intuitive models that each of us carries around in our mind, as well as the more complex numerical models hiding inside supercomputers. It is through such models that palaeoclimate insights may affect the scientific and political judgements that we must make in the face of persistent and ultimately irreducible predictive uncertainty. Already we can demonstrate a great deal of confidence in our current understanding of the global climate system based specifically on insights from the geological record. If further advances are to be made effectively, climate models should take advantage of both past and present constraints on their behaviour, and should be given added credence to the extent that they are compatible with an increasingly rich tapestry of past climatic phenomena. Furthermore, palaeoclimate data should be accompanied by clearly defined uncertainties, and organized in arrays that are capable of speaking directly to numerical models, and their limitations in particular.

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Elevated marine terraces from Eleuthera (Bahamas) and Bermuda: sedimentological, petrographic and geochronological evidence for important deglaciation events during the middle Pleistocene

Cited by 58 publications

References 43 publications

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

A qualitative and quantitative model for climate-driven lake formation on carbonate platforms based on examples from the Bahamian archipelago

Facing future climate change: is the past relevant?

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