Elevated Ras related GTP binding B (RRAGB) expression predicts poor overall survival and constructs a prognostic nomogram for colon adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Currently, no articles have explored the roles of RRAGB gene in the occurrence and development of cancer. By means of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data mining, we found that this gene might be a novel prognostic predictor for colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Hence, this article was carried out to explore its roles in COAD and associations with immunity. RRAGB single-gene expression matrix and corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA database. Univariate/multivariate cox regression analyses and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were utilized to identify independent prognostic factors and RRAGB related pathways, respectively. Relationships between RRAGB and immunity were also analyzed. Boxplot and K-M survival analysis indicated that RRAGB was not only differently expressed in COAD (P < 0.05), but also significantly associated with overall survival (OS; P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox hazard regression analyses indicated that RRAGB could serve as an independent prognostic factor for COAD (both P < 0.05). GSEA identified five signaling pathways significantly enriched in the high-RRAGB expression phenotype. Moreover, a RRAGB-based nomogram was successfully constructed and displayed a satisfactory performance. In addition, RRAGB expression was found to be significantly associated with microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immunity. Our results revealed that RRAGB could be a prognostic biomarker for COAD in terms of OS and markedly related to MSI, TMB, and immunity. We also constructed an RRAGB-based nomogram with a satisfactory performance. Further researches should be carried out to validate our findings.

Berberine ameliorates endothelial progenitor cell function and wound healing in vitro and in vivo via the miR-21-3p/RRAGB axis for venous leg ulcers

“…Inhibiting mTORC1 activity in the mTOR pathway can effectively promote autophagy levels [ 36 ]. RRAGB, as an activator of mTORC1, is known to play a pro-oncogenic role in various tumor progressions [ 37 , 38 ]. However, RRAGB's potential role in wound healing and its regulatory relationship with miR-21-3p have not been explored in the context of VLUs.…”

circEXOC6B interacting with RRAGB, an mTORC1 activator, inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer by antagonizing the HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop

“…Here, triggered by the interesting finding that HIF1A and RRAGB have a positive correlation at the mRNA level in CRC cell lines and CRC tissues, we ultimately determined that RRAGB was one of the targets of HIF1A. RRAGB has been reported to be upregulated in CRC tissues and to have a negative correlation with patient prognosis [ 47 ]. Overall, we indicated the presence of a HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop in CRC that boosted tumor progression.…”

Highly expressed miR-144-3p promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon carcinoma cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through targeting SFRP1

“…However, there is an alarming trend towards an earlier age of onset and a higher prevalence of advanced stage at definitive diagnosis 3 . Although colon carcinoma treatment has advanced greatly because to surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, and other methods, the prognosis of relevant patients is still unsatisfactory for late diagnosis, rapid disease progression, easy metastasis and poor treatment effect, and the five-year survival rate is only 10% 4 , 5 . Therefore, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanism for the emergence and progression of colon carcinoma, and identify the targets and clinical diagnostic signs.…”